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26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Flashcards

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1
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

How tongue contributes to dental and structural equilibrium

A
  • Holds teeth and supporting structures in state of equilibrium=>
  • Along w/ muscular mechanisms
  • Any imbalance=>malocclusion
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2
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Abnormal functions that can cause malocclusion

A
  • Mouth breathing
  • Tongue thrusting
  • Abnormal swallowing
  • Unilateral chewing
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3
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Role muscles of tongue, lips, and cheeks play in dental positioning

A
  • Important in guiding teeth into final position=>
  • Variation in muscle form and function affects position of teeth
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4
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Myofunctional therapy

A
  • Muscle retraining=>
  • Exercises to correct deleterious resting and functional posture of tongue and lips
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5
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Goals of muscle exercises in orthodontics

A
  • Train muscles to attain proper form and function=>
  • Through functional therapy
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6
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Main types of Myofunctional therapy

A
  • Myogymnastics=>primary prophylaxis to correct dysfunctional habit patterns
  • Myotherapy=>secondary prevention of malocclusion=>
  • w/ aid of appliances utilizing muscles’ strength
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7
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Guidelines for practicing myofunctional exercises

A
  • Stretch muscles w/ highest amplitude possible
  • Perform isochronal muscle contractions
  • Muscles should feel slightly sore after exercises
  • Holding time during contractions equals time of muscle relaxation

-isochronal muscle contractions (having the same duration or happening at regular periods)

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8
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

When myofunctional therapy started and finished

A
  • Started after 4=>when primary dentition established=>
  • Child w/ communication skills, no speech difficulties
  • Finished by beginning of puberty
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9
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Major types of muscle exercises in myofunctional therapy

A
  • Lip exercises
  • Masticatory muscle exercises
  • Exercises to protrude mandible
  • Tongue exercises
  • Cheek exercises
  • Exercises using wind instruments
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10
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Purpose of lip seal therapy or exercises

A
  • Correcting poor posture of musculature
  • Increasing muscle thickness=>
  • Creates lip seal
  • Acquisition of normal habits
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11
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

How lip exercises benefit people with incompetent or small lips

A
  • Increases lip size and improves lip function=>
  • Individuals w/ incompetent, small lips and maxillary incisors displaying more than two-thirds clinical crown at rest
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12
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Muscle primarily trained during lip exercises

A

M. orbicularis oris muscle

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13
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

lip exercises that can be done without additional means

A
  • Stretching upper lip over lower lip without opening mouth
  • Stretching upper lip in posterior inferior direction towards chin by overlapping lower lip
  • Tightly closing lips to increase competency
  • Lip puffer exercise
    Stretching lip corners w/ fingers
  • Whistling
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14
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Stretching upper lip over lower lip without opening mouth

Lip muscle exercises without any additional means

A
  • Pts w/ hypotonic short upper lip
  • Holding time 30 seconds w/ frequency of 15 to 20 times a day=>
  • Improves tonicity of upper lip
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15
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Stretching upper lip in a posterior inferior direction towards chin by overlapping lower lip

Lip muscle exercises without any additional means

A

Help maintain oral seal during swallowing

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16
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Lip puffer exercise

Lip muscle exercises without any additional means

A
  • Forcing air or liquid between upper and lower lips
  • Puffing out lips=>
  • Repeated 5 to 10 times per day
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17
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Lip exercises that use additional means

A
  • Button pull exercise by Horoshilkina
  • Water exercise
  • Gum drop exercise
  • Card pull exercise
  • Lip pulling exercise by Dekova and Mutavchiev
  • Crescent-shaped disk with attached loads
  • Dass wire activator
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18
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Button pull exercise by Horoshilkina

Lip muscle exercises with additional means

A
  • Button of 1 to 1.5-inch diameter taken and thread passed through button holes
  • Patient places button behind lips and pulls thread outwards while resisting it w/ tight lip seal
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19
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Water exercise

Lip muscle exercises with additional means

A
  • Hold and splash water back and forth behind lips=>until they get tired
  • Patient should not break lip seal
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20
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Gum drop exercise

Lip muscle exercises with additional means

A
  • Large gum drop used=>
  • String attached and other end behind teeth and held w/ lips
  • Pt places hands behind back bends
    forward till face parallel w/ floor + string stretched
  • Lips stretched as far down as
    possible
  • Repeated 5 to 10 times per day
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21
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Card pull exercise

Lip muscle exercises with additional means

A
  • Card held w/ one hand and pulled while trying to hold it tightly between upper and lower lips
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22
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Crescent-shaped disk with attached loads

Lip muscle exercises with additional means

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Round disk w/ concavity on one side=>
  • Points towards teeth without contact=>
  • While rest of disk held by lips
  • Weights attached to disk and patient keeps disk between lips w/out breaking lip seal
23
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Outcome of effective lip exercises

Study These Flashcards
A

Reduction in maxillary incisors’ display to one-third of the clinical crown

24
Q

26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics

Main muscles involved in masticatory muscle exercises

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Lateral pterygoid
25
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Masticatory muscle exercises without additional means
* **Clenching**=> * *Until muscles get sore* * **Counteraction Exercise**=> * *Counteract elevation of mandible by putting pressure on mandibular incisors w/ thumbs*
26
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Masticatory muscle exercises with additional means
* **Using a Peg**=> * *Placed between teeth, mouth opened and closed until muscles sore* * **Chewing Bubble Gum**
27
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Muscles responsible for protrusion of the mandible
Lateral and medial pterygoid
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# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Indications for exercises that protrude mandible
* **Class II malocclusion** w/ more than ½ primary canine width * **Overjet**
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# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Contraindications for exercises that protrude mandible
* **Deep bite** w/ overdeveloped frontal segment * **Retrusion** of maxillary incisors * **Compression** of maxilla which restricts mandibular forward position
30
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics How to perform mandibular protrusion exercises without additional means
* **Protraction Exercise**=>Protract mandible forward until lower incisors positioned in front of incisors=> * Hold for 10 minutes * **Head Tilt Exercise**=>Tilt head backwards and protract mandible as far forward as possible=> * Hold for 10 seconds, followed by relaxation of 1 to 3 minutes * Repeat 3 times/day **Sleeping Posture**=>Sleep on a bulky, high pillow
31
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Additional means used for mandibular protrusion exercises
Persin and Molotov appliance
32
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Causes of malocclusions related to the tongue
* Habits=> * Tongue thrusting * Aberrant tongue swallowing patterns
33
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Duration and structure of the myotherapeutic tongue exercises
* **42 days, consisting of complex of 6 exercises**=> * Suitable during **primary and early mixed dentition stage** * *Accompanied by diet rich in fibers*
34
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Indications for the complex of tongue exercises
* Children > **4** * Correction of **tongue position** * Transition to **mature swallowing pattern** * **Primary and secondary prevention=>** * Children w/ primary/early mixed dentition w/ **dysfunctional habit patterns, open bite, protrusion, and speech difficulties**=> * Self-correction of some malocclusions
35
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Complex of tongue exercises
* Parental and Child Motivation * Technique Training * Tongue Placement * Breathing Exercises * Clicking the Tongue * Noisy Slurping
36
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Cheek exercises included in myofunctional therapy
* **Water Technique**=>water in mouth moved side to side=> * Rolling tongue from right to left * **Puffing Cheeks**=>Fill cheeks w/ air and move it from one cheek to other * 5 to 10 minutes, 5 times per day * Ensuring no air escapes from lips or nose
37
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Function of interceptive appliances
* Eliminate abnormal oral habits * Alter imbalance in surrounding musculature ## Footnote These functions help prevent the development of malocclusion.
38
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Classifications of interceptive appliances
* Passive interceptive appliances * Active interceptive appliances * Space maintainers
39
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Mode of action for passive interceptive appliances
Stop oral habit recurrence without creating new conditioned reflex ## Footnote This helps in maintaining oral health and preventing malocclusion.
40
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics List some types of passive interceptive appliances.
* Oral screen (F.Kraus) * Oral screen (А.Schöncher) * Oral screen plate - I, II type (Dekova) * Maxillary plate with tongue barrier (Kraus) * Mandibular plate with tongue barrier (Krumova) * Interceptive appliance for vocal and wind instruments performers
41
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Mode of action for active interceptive appliances
* **Create** dominant unconditioned reflex=> * **Suppresses** conditioned reflex of oral habit
42
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Name two types of active interceptive appliances.
* Boyanov-Dekova-IA for dominant-reflex discontinuing of finger sucking (mandible) * Dekova-IA for dominant-reflex discontinuing the lower lip sucking (mandible)
43
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Types of Space maintainers
* **Removable appliances**(e.g., acrylic partial dentures, Kemeny type (Likov –Gesheva)) * **Fixed space maintainers**(e.g., bridges (Мilov), bands or crowns with wire maintainer)
44
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Oral screen according to kraus use
Mouth breathing habit
45
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Maxillary plate with tongue barrier (Kraus) use
* Tongue thrusting * Infantile swallowing * Digit sucking
46
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Lingual plate according to Kraus with tongue barrier use
* Tongue thrusting * Infantile swallowing * Digit sucking
47
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Mandibular plate with tongue barrier (Krumova) use
* infantile swallowing * Improper tongue position=> tongue resting in lower jaw
48
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Oral screen (А.Schöncher) use
Mouth breathing
49
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Oral screen plate - Type I (Dekova) use
* Digit sucking and mouth breathing
50
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics Oral screen plate - Type II (Dekova) use
Lower lip sucking
51
* Mandibular acrylic plate located buccally w/ anterior horizontal acrylic plate=> * w/ spring mechanism 4-5 sharp spikes
52
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics
Appliance by dekova to discontinue digit sucking habit
53
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics
Acylic partial denture
54
# 26. Myofunctional therapy in orthodontics
Kemney type denture

Orthodontics (107 decks)

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