Fixed appliances test-detailed notes Flashcards
(43 cards)
1
Q
Fixed appliances definition
A
- Appliances w/ mechanical action
- Bonded to teeth
2
Q
How fixed appliances create movement forces of teeth
A
Active force from orthodontic archwires
3
Q
Archwires can be made from
A
- Stainless steel
- Copper nickel titanium
- Titanium molybdenum
4
Q
Most popular orthodontic fixed appliance
A
Multi-bracket system
5
Q
Techniques of bonding brackets to teeth
Side of teeth they are bonded
A
- Labial fixed technique-bonded to buccal surfaces
- Lingual fixed technique-bonded to lingual/oral surface
6
Q
Sequence of development of multibracket system
A
- Originate from universal angle appliance-> Edgewise technique->Straightwire technique
7
Q
Differences in edgewise technique
A
- Slot of bracket perpendicular to base
- Archwires have special bends for each tooth position
8
Q
Differences in straightwire technique
A
- Slot of bracket contains all information about position of tooth
* Angulation
* MD and BL position of each tooth
* Provides 3D positioning when wire inserted in bracket slot - Archwire without bends
- Bracket base has different width to compensate from different BL widths of teeth
9
Q
Basic elements of multibracket system
A
- Brackets
- Ligatures
- Buccal tubes
- Molar bands
- Archwires
- Auxillary elements
10
Q
Brackets
A
- Small rectangular plates made of metal alloy
- Can also be ceramic or plastic
Stainless steel, Gold, Nickel titanium
11
Q
Most popular bracket
A
Twin bracket
Other type of bracket-single
12
Q
Twin bracket structure
A
Has gingival,occlusal, mesial and distal wings
13
Q
Occlusal and distal wings of twin bracket
A
- Form horizontal bracket slot
- Where archwire is inserted
14
Q
Mesial and distal wing of twin bracket
A
- Form vertical slot of twin bracket
- Used for attaching additional accessories to the system
15
Q
How bracket slot is attached to base
A
Welded
16
Q
Methods of increasing bracket adhesion to tooth
A
- Meshed
- Micro-etched
17
Q
Esthetic alternative to metal brackets
A
- Ceramic
- Plastic
18
Q
Ceramic bracket similarity to metal brackets
A
- Similar bracket design
- Slot identical
19
Q
Ceramic bracket disadvantage
A
- Increased friction at archwire/slot interface
- Bracket tie-wings easily fractured but tough and cause abraison to antagonist tooth
20
Q
Plastic bracket disadvantage
A
Resilience and wear resistance
21
Q
Alternative to straighwire and twin brackets
A
Self ligating systems
22
Q
Self ligating systems
A
- Geometry of slot the same
- Engagement of wire different
- Conventional bracket systems-wire ligated to bracket w/elastic or metal ligatures
- Self ligating brackets have clips or slides instead
23
Q
Advantages of Self ligating systems
A
- Full engagement of wire into bracket slot
- Decreases friction
- Faster ligation
- Shortens chair time
24
Q
Bracket orientation planes of space for each tooth-in Mesial/distal results in
A
- Angulation and alignment of teeth
25
Bracket orientation planes of space for each tooth-in buccal lingual results in
* Inclincation and torque
26
Bracket orientation planes of space for each tooth-in Occluso-gingival direction results in
* Tipping and rotation
27
Methods of indicating which tooth a bracket is positioned on
* Mark on bracket(number)
* Coloured marks
* Laser markings
28
Ligature types
* Metal
* Elastic
29
Buccal tubes
* On terminal posterior teeth-bracket stability
* Bonded to first permanent molar
* Mouted to base
* Can have tie-wings or gingival hooks and additional slot for inner bow of headgear
## Footnote
Can be bonded to seconf molars as well if erupted
30
Molar bands
* On terminal tooth for stability
* Prevent debonding in anchorage area
* Allow application of heavy orthopaedic forces
*Have buccal and lingual tubes, buttons an d hooks
## Footnote
Placed on first molars normally
31
Archwires
* Exert force
* Inserted into bracket slot
* Continous
* Sectional
## Footnote
Continous-engaged in all brackets of dental arch
Sectional-Engages several teeth or segments of dental arch
32
Archwires according to physical properties
1. Flexible
2. Resilient
3. Semi-resilient
## Footnote
1. Base metal alloys
2. Stainless steel
3. Titanmolybdenum
33
Archwires according to cross section
* Round
* Square
* Rectangular
* Combined
34
Archwires according to shape
* Normal
* Tapered
* Narrow tapered
* Ovoid
* Narrow ovoid
35
Factors that dettermine archwire selection
* Treatment phase
* Treatment objective
* Bracket system
* Slot size
36
Auxillary elements
* Used in fixed technique treatment
* Facilitate single tooth movement
* Attachment of elastic chains and intra-oral elastics
37
Types of auxillary elements
* Crimpable hooks
* Lingual buttons and sheath
* Pulling ring
* Cleats
* Eyelets
38
Phases of orthodontic treatment with fixed technique
* Phase I-Leveling and alignment
* Phase II- Overbite control and space closure
* Phase III-Overjet control
* Phase IV-Finishing detailing
* Phase V-Retention
39
* Phase I-Leveling and alignment objectives
* Rotation control
* Leveling and alignment of maxillary and mandibular teeth
* Posterior segment control
* Control of vertical and mesiodistal position of permanent mandibular seconf molar
40
* Phase II- Overbite control and space closure
*Sagittal movement-retraction of canines in premolar extraction cases
* Full size stainless steel archwires used
* Sliding and loop mechanics used
* Tooth movement from force application of active elements
41
* Phase III-Overjet control
* Aim to correct incisor position in sagittal plane
* Overjet reduction
* Full size stainless steel and TMA wires used
42
* Phase IV-Finishing detailing
Minor tooth movements to provide:
* Ideal teeth position
* Arch co-ordination
* Residual space closure
* Normal occlusion
43
* Phase V-Retention
* Aim to:
* Maintain result of active orthodontic treatment
* Prevent relapse of tooth malpositions and unfavourable growth in maxilla and mandible
## Footnote
Lasts as long as active treatment period, achieved w/ passive fixed or removable retainers and monitored by clinician
