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from flashcardlet > 6th - SS Chapter 9 Notes > Flashcards

6th - SS Chapter 9 Notes Flashcards

0
Q

Who declared himself to be Shi Huangi?

A

King Zheng

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1
Q

What means “First Emperor”?

A

Shi Hunangi

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2
Q

What type of government did Shi Huangi build?

A

A strong authorities government

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3
Q

How did he unify China?

A

By banning feudalism and replacing feudal states with 36 military districts

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4
Q

What was the capital during the Qin dynasty?

A

Xiaanyang

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5
Q

Name some examples of how Shi Huangi promoted unity.

A
  1. Standardize weights and measures

2. Replaced diverse coins of the Zhou with Qin coins

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6
Q

How did Shi Huangi crack down on opposition to his rule?

A
  1. He jailed, tortured and killed people who opposed him.

2. He also had many books burned, only sparing those on medicine and agriculture

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7
Q

What was Shi Huangi most remarkable and costly project?

A

The Great Wall of China

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8
Q

Describe how the Great Wall was built.

A

Hundreds of thousands of labor so worked over the years though bitter cold and burning heat to build it. Laborer a pounded mud and stone together to form a wall 25 feet high with a brick road. Eventually the wall would snake its way through miles of northern China.

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9
Q

What did the wall become for the Chinese people?

A

An important symbol

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10
Q

What did Shi Huangi think about his empire?

A

That it would last forever

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11
Q

After Shi Huangi death in 210BC, what caused a revolt to explore?

A

Anger happened, more taxes, forced labor and cruel policies

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12
Q

Describe Shi Huangi tomb.

A

Quite impressive

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13
Q

Who was an illiterate peasant leader who defeated rival armies and founded the Han dynasty?

A

Lou Bang

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14
Q

How did Liu Bang claim power?

A

Based on the Mandate of Heaven

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15
Q

Who were Liu Bang’s advisors?

A

Confucian scholars

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16
Q

How long did the Han dynasty last?

A

From 206BC to 220AD - about 400 years

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17
Q

Who was the most famous Han dynasty emperor?

A

Wudi

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18
Q

What were some of Wudi’s achievements?

A
  1. Strengthen the government economy
  2. Chose officials from Confucian scholars
  3. Setup an imperial university at Xianyang
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19
Q

How was economic growth increased during the Han dynasty?

A

By building canals and roads

20
Q

Why did Wudi setup granaries across the empire?

A

So that the government could buy surplus grain and sell it for a reasonable price.

21
Q

What were some of the sources of income during Wudi’s rein?

A
  1. Setup monopolies on iron and salt

2. Taxed peasants

22
Q

What did Wudi’s expansion policy do?

A

Increased the amount of territory under China’s control

23
Q

Who did Wudi fight beyond the Great Wall?

A

Nomadic people

24
Q

Where did the Chinese armies setup outposts?

A

Mancharn, Korea, North Vietnam, Tibet, and Central Asia

25
Q

Who spread the Chinese cultural influences across these outposts?

A

Soldiers, traders and settlers

26
Q

What did Wudi open that linked China to the west for centuries?

A

The Silk Roads

27
Q

What did the Chinese trade silk for in the west?

A

Grapes, fruits, cucumbers, walnuts and furs

28
Q

Where did the Silk Road eventually go (what place) and how long was it?

A

It eventually stretched to the Fertile Crescent about 4000 miles.

29
Q

How were goods traded?

A

Goods were relayed in stages from one trader to another

30
Q

What was the Han dynasty belief system?

A

Confucianism

31
Q

How did the Han emperors believe a government official should get his job?

A

Based on merit not family background

32
Q

What was a scholar expected to know?

A
  1. Confucianism ideas of gentlemen - courteous and dignified
  2. Know history, music, and poetry
  3. Confucianism teachings
33
Q

What did Han dynasty begin to find the most qualified government officials?

A

A system of exams

34
Q

Where were these civil service exams given?

A

At all levels of government - local, provincial and national levels

35
Q

Who would usually be able to pass the civil service exam?

A

The wealthy because they could afford the years of study needed to pass the exam

36
Q

Where women able to get government jobs?

A

No

37
Q

Eventually the Han empire collapsed. Explain what happened.

A

Local warlords began to gain power and peasants revolved over heavy taxes and crushing debt.

38
Q

When did the last Han emperor get overthrown? Then what happened?

A

In 220 AD, China then breaks up into different states

39
Q

What areas did Han scientists make advancements?

A
  1. Wrote books on chemistry, zoology, botany, and other subjects
  2. Observed and measured movements of the stars and planets
  3. Invented a simple seismometer to detect and measure earthquakes
40
Q

What did Wang Chong believe about comets?

A

That they were not caused by the heavens anger

41
Q

What was Wang Chong’s belief about science?

A

That no scientific idea should be accepted without proof

42
Q

How did Han doctors make advancements in medicine?

A
  1. Diagnosed diseases
  2. Experimented with herbal remedies
  3. Developed anesthesia
  4. Explored medical acupuncture
43
Q

What is a therapy that uses needles to cure sickness and stop pain?

A

Acupuncture

44
Q

In its time, Han China was technologically what?

A

Advanced

45
Q

What are some of innovations during the Han dynasty?

A
  1. Made a durable paper made out of wood pulp
  2. Invented the rudder
  3. Invented the wheel-barrow
  4. Invented suspension bridges
  5. Invented chain pumps
46
Q

What did Shi Huangi, Gao Zu, Wudi and later rulers forge?

A

A vast and raised land that would unite China

47
Q

What was the size was the empire that the Han rulers created?

A

The size of the U.S.A.

48
Q

During this period China would creat a pattern of government that would last til when?

A

1912

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