5th - Science Unit 3 Lesson 3

Question 0

What is the measurement of the energy used to perform a task?

Answer 0

Work

Question 1

What is the ability to perform work or to change an object?

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

Work is equal to _____________ multiplied by the ____________ over which the force was applied.

Answer 2

the force used; distance

Question 3

Work done on an object changes the amount of ____________ that an object has.

Answer 3

potential energy

Question 4

What are the units of work?

Answer 4

Newton-meter (N-m) or joules (J)

Question 5

Energy is measured in units of what?

Answer 5

Stored energy

Question 6

What is energy that is stored in the position or the structure of an object?

Answer 6

Potential energy

Question 7

An object has potential energy when it has the potential to _____________.

Answer 7

Do work

Question 8

What are the forms that potential energy can take?

Answer 8

1. Chemical potential energy
2. Elastic potential energy
3. Gravitational potential energy

Question 9

What is the energy in the links between atoms and molecules?

Answer 9

Chemical potential energy

Question 10

What is an example of chemical potential energy?

Answer 10

1. Food contains energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms. (Bruce’s answer)

**2. An unlit match has stored chemical energy. When the match burns, this energy is released.

Question 11

What is the energy stored by something that can stretch or compress?

Answer 11

Elastic potential energy

Question 12

What is an example of elastic potential energy?

Answer 12

1. Stretched rubber band or spring
2. Some watches run on stored potential energy from a wound-up spring
3. When you compress a spring, it has the potential to spring back

Question 13

What is the energy an object possesses due to its position above the Earth’s surface?

Answer 13

Gravitational potential energy

Question 14

What is an example of gravitational potential energy?

Answer 14

1. A boulder sitting at the top of a hill

2. A child at the top of a slide

Question 15

What factors determine an object’s gravitational potential energy?

Answer 15

Weight and height above the ground. The greater the object’s weight and height above the ground, the more gravitational potential energy it gains.

Question 16

What is the energy of a moving object?

Answer 16

Kinetic energy

Question 17

Kinetic energy can also be referred to as?

Answer 17

Energy of motion

Question 18

The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on what?

Answer 18

Velocity

Question 19

Explain the relationship between velocity and kinetic energy.

Answer 19

The faster an object is moving (the greater the velocity) the more kinetic energy it has.

Question 20

Name some forms of kinetic energy.

Answer 20

Heat, electricity, sound, light and motion

Question 21

What do all forms of kinetic energy have in common?

Answer 21

They can all perform work.

Question 22

What MUST be happening for an object to have kinetic energy?

Answer 22

It must be in motion.

Question 23

Give an example of changing from potential to kinetic energy.

Answer 23

When you release the bowstring, it’s potential energy becomes kinetic energy, the arrow moves.

Going from no motion to motion

Question 24

If an object has periodic motion, then what happens to the energy?

Answer 24

Energy changes back and forth from potential to kinetic; for example, vibrating like a spring.

Question 25

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?

Answer 25

That energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change form.

Question 26

Whenever energy is used to do work, what happens?

Answer 26

That energy changes

Question 27

Describe the changes in energy a roller coaster can go through.

Answer 27

As the roller coaster starts in motion, it loses potential energy and gains kinetic energy. You might think that a roller coaster destroys energy. After all, the roller coaster steadily slows down, as it comes down the hill. The “lost” energy, however, is not destroyed. It has become heat and sound through the work of friction.