Unit 6 Vocab pt 1

Question 1

American Federation of Labor

Answer 1

founder= Samuel Gompers, alliance of skilled workers, focused on “bread and butter” issues

Question 2

Gospel of Wealth

Answer 2

article written by Andrew Carnegie, described the responsibility of philanthropy

Question 3

Social Darwinism

Answer 3

Rich were rich and poor were poor due to natural selection in society

Question 4

Horizontal integration

Answer 4

elimination of competitors

Question 5

Vertical integration

Answer 5

gaining control of production and distribution process

Question 6

Samuel Gompers

Answer 6

started AFL= American Federation of Labor in 1886

Question 7

Eugene V. Debs

Answer 7

led the Pullman strike

Question 8

Pullman Strike

Answer 8

Nationwide railroad strike where Pullman cars were stopped to demand higher wages

Question 9

“robber barons”

Answer 9

business owners who make profit by paying employees low wages

Question 10

Atlanta Compromise

Answer 10

Speech made by Booker T. Washington, outlined philosophy that blacks should focus on economic gains

Question 11

Horatio Alger

Answer 11

wrote many books in which virtue, honesty and, industry were rewarded with success, wealth, and honor

Question 12

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 12

Case which the Jim Crow laws were upheld, “separate but equal”

Question 13

Farmers Alliance

Answer 13

Farmer organizations that wanted to get rid of debt, poverty and low crop prices by educating and mobilizing men and women

Question 14

The Grangers

Answer 14

Organized by Oliver H. Kelley, wanted to break hold of RR owners and middlemen

Question 15

Jim Crow laws

Answer 15

Written to separate blacks and whites in public areas

Question 16

“Boss” Tweed (William Tweed)

Answer 16

lead of Tammany Hall, he stole up to 200m from the general public in 6 years and ended up in jail

Question 17

Frederick Olmstead

Answer 17

designed many public parks such as Central Park in New York

Question 18

Robert La Follette

Answer 18

Governor, enacted many of the public reforms including nom. of candidates by direct vote/ regulation of RR rates

Question 19

McKinley Tariff

Answer 19

Raised tariffs to a high level, big business liked them bc they protected US businesses from foreign comp.

Question 20

“bread and butter unionism”

Answer 20

Unions should focus on improving working conditions and pay for skilled workers
used by AFL

Question 21

National Labor Union

Answer 21

1st attempt to organize all workers in all states (skilled and unskilled)

Question 22

“new immigrants”

Answer 22

1880s, immigrant wave from southern and eastern Europe

Question 23

Populist Party

Answer 23

former Grangers, Omaha Platform (1892)

end bc of Dem. support, Bryan’s loss and improving farm prices

Question 24

Booker T. Washington

Answer 24

former slave, promoted education and economic opportunity for blacks

Question 25

W.E.B Du Bois

Answer 25

wanted immediate implementation of African American rights

Question 26

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Answer 26

prohibited monopolies and trusts that hindered competition

Question 27

settlement houses

Answer 27

neighborhood center in impoverished areas, helped transition to US society

Question 28

Jane Addams and Hull House

Answer 28

Chicago, many settlement houses modeled after it (women activism and help out poor)

Question 29

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 29

“Cross of Gold” speech which favored free silver

Question 30

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

Answer 30

required government to purchase 2x the silver and added to money in circulation