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PathMad > Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders: Symptoms and Signs > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders: Symptoms and Signs Flashcards

1
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Preterm birth or prematurity

A

12 ounces or less at birth
few creases in palms of hands
possible undescended testicles/prominent clitoris
underdeveloped lungs

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2
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Infant Respiratory Distress syndrome

A

infant becomes cyanotic
nasal flaring
blood gas exchange ineffective

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3
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

A

dyspnea, tachypnea, wheezing
decreased O2 saturation
crackling sound on auscultation

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4
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Retinopathy of Prematurity

A

risk if born before 28 weeks

no visible symptoms

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5
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A 
feeding intolerance
abdominal distention 
blood in stool 
tender abdomen on palpation 
(symptoms or sore abdomen basically)
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6
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Robinow Syndrome

A 
dwarfism
butterfly vertebrae 
flat facial profile 
bulging forehead
cup shaped ears 
genital hyperplasia
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7
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

A

collapse of healthy young athlete

chest pain, syncope, hypertension, palpitations, SOB (general heart problem S&S)

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8
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Down Syndrome

A

heart defects
small head, flat back of skull.
slant eyes
small low set ears

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9
Q

What are signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy

A

motor performance issues
difficult suckling and swallowing
muscles may be floppy or stuffy

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10
Q

What are signs and symptoms of muscular dystrophy

A

lordosis or other spinal deformities
contractures
waddling gait

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11
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Spina Bifida Occulta

A

asymptomatic

hemangioma over the site

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12
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Meningocele

A

no nerve impairment

sac formed over defect with light transparency

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13
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Myelomeningocele

A

spinal nerves present in herniation

neurological symptoms

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14
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Hydrocephalus

A

fontanelles begin to bulge
sutures of skull separate
bigger head

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15
Q

What are signs and symptoms of anencephaly

A

no cranial vault and little cerebral tissue

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16
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Transposition of the Great Arteries

A

exhibits cyanosis and tachypnea, followed by signs of heart failure after birth

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17
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Clubfoot

A

heel is draw up, lateral side of foot is convex.

obvious by looking

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18
Q

what are signs and symptoms of development dysplasia of the Hip

A

asymmetric folds of the thigh of the newborn

limited abduction of the affected hip

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19
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Cleft Lip and Palate

A

cleft extending though hard and soft palates in the nasal area.
nasal regurgitation

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20
Q

what are signs and symptoms of cryptorchidism

A

detected at birth by physical examination.

obvious by looking

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21
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Wilm’s tumors

A

mass in the kidney region

hematuria, abdomen pain, anemia, constipation

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22
Q

what are signs and symptoms of phimosis

A

difficulty urination

difficulty cleaning the glans penis

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23
Q

what are signs and symptoms of congenital pyloric stenosis

A

projectile vomiting after feeding

dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (due to vomiting)

24
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Hirschsprung’s Disease

A

depend on age and progression
failing to pass meconium
bile-stained or fecal vomit

25
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis

A

attacks lungs and digestive system. thick mucous that accumulates and blocks ducts in these locations

26
Q

what are signs and symptoms of phenylketonuria

A

enzyme needed to change an amino acid in the body into tyrosine is lacking. accumulates in the blood and urine and is toxic to the brain

27
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Klinefelter’s syndrome e

A

abnormal testicular development
reduced testosterone levels
long legs, above average height, reduced muscular development

28
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Turner’s syndrome

A

ovaries are immature or absent at birth
short, low set ears
swollen hands and feet.
webbing of the neck

29
Q

what are signs and symptoms of chickenpox

A

superficial cutaneous lesions that began as red macule then progress to papules and then become vesicles

30
Q

what are signs and symptoms of diphtheria

A

sore throat, dysphagia
cough,
hoarseness and chills

31
Q

what are signs and symptoms of mumps

A

tenderness in the neck in front of and below the ears in the region of the parotid glands and pain on swallowing
in adult males orchitis, which may lead to sterility

32
Q

what the three stages of pertussis

A
  1. high contagious catarrhal stage, when the child seems to have a common cold
  2. the paroxysmal stage, when the cough becomes silent, ending in a high-pitched inspiratory whoop
  3. convalescent period, when the cough gradually diminishes
33
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Measles

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, photophobia

a 3 to 7 day red blotchy rash

34
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Rubella

A

rose-colored slightly elevated rash that appears first on the face and head and then progresses downward on the body

35
Q

what are signs and symptoms of tetanus

A

febrile, irritable and sweats profusely
stiff neck, tight jaw (lockjaw)
spasm of facial muscles and difficulty swallowing

36
Q

what are signs and symptoms of SIDS

A

died under 1 year. can’t be established why they died

37
Q

what are signs and symptoms of croup

A

hoarseness, fever, high-pitched cough, stridor
dyspnea
pale skin due to lack of oxygen

38
Q

what are signs and symptoms of epiglottis

A

sore throat,
3 to 7 years of age
croupy cough, fever, respiratory distress

39
Q

what are signs and symptoms of acute tonsillitis

A

sudden onset.
mild to severe sore throat, chills, fever, headache, malaise, anorexia
exudate from the tonsils

40
Q

what are signs and symptoms of adenoid hyperplasia

A

otitis media
conductive hearing loss
mouth breather and snorer

41
Q

what are signs and symptoms of asthma

A

rapid shallow respirations
inability to spread more than a few words without halting to breathe
nasal flaring

42
Q

what are signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis

A

cough, nasal congestion, tachypnea, respiratory distress

breathing too fast to feed

43
Q

what are signs and symptoms of infantile colic

A

draws up the legs, clenches fists, and cries as if in pain.
pass gas by mouth and rectum
late afternoon and evening episodes

44
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Helminth (worm) infestation

A

hatch in intestines

migrate to perianal area and cause itching

45
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Diarrhea

A

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance.

metabolic acidosis

46
Q

what are signs and symptoms of vomiting

A

mild to projectile expulsion

distended abdomen, a fever

47
Q

what are signs and symptoms of anemia

A

pallor, weakness, fatiguability

tachycardia, cardiac enlargement, jaundice

48
Q

what are signs and symptoms of leukemia

A

anemia, susceptibility to infection

prolonged bleeding time

49
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Erythroblastosis Fetalis

A

anemia, jaundice, kernicterus, enlarged liver and spleen.

50
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Lead Poisoning

A

loss of appetite, vomiting, irritability, ataxic gait

peripheral neuritis

51
Q

what are signs and symptoms of Reye’s syndrome

A

disruption in urea cycle causes swelling of brain

52
Q

what are the five stages of Reye’s syndrome

A
  1. lethargy, littleness, irritability
  2. hyperventilation, hyperactive reflexes
  3. organ changes and coma
  4. deeper coma and loss of cerebral functions
  5. seizures, loss of deep tendon reflexes and respiratory arrest
53
Q

what are signs and symptoms of FAS

A

exposure to too much alcohol in utero.
below average weight
small eye openings, thin upper lip
central nervous system problems

54
Q

what are signs and symptoms of diaper rash

A

excoriation

maculopapular rash

55
Q

what are signs and symptoms of neuroblastoma

A 
abdominal mass
abdominal pain or fullness
bone pain
periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes)

PathMad (140 decks)

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