Chapter 13: Neurologic Diseases and Conditions: Overview

Question 1

the nervous system is composed of what two divisions

Answer 1

central nervous system (CNS)

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

includes the brain and spinal cord

Answer 2

central nervous system (CNS)

Question 3

structures of the brain that control the intellectual functions of thinking, willing, remembering, and deciding, and those that control personality, are located

Answer 3

frontal lobe of the cerebrum

Question 4

equilibrium, coordination, and posture are located

Answer 4

cerebellum

Question 5

regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland and regulates many visceral activities

Answer 5

hypothalamus

Question 6

vital centers that help regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration

Answer 6

medulla oblongata

Question 7

vast network of nerves throughout the rest of the body is

Answer 7

peripheral nervous system

Question 8

transmits impulses toward the CNS

Answer 8

sensory (afferent) nerves

Question 9

transmit impulses away from the CNS and produce responses in muscles and glands

Answer 9

Motor (efferent) nerves

Question 10

how many pair of cranial nerves are there

Answer 10

12

Question 11

how many pair of spinal nerves are there

Answer 11

31

Question 12

carotid arteries (two internal and two external) originate from the two common carotid arteries and are located in the anterior portion of the neck; the two vertebral arteries join with the cerebral arteries and posterior cerebral arteries and the two anterior and posterior communicating arteries to form

Answer 12

Circle of Willis

Question 13

left brain damage results in

Answer 13

right side paralysis
speech and memory deficits
cautious and slow behavior

Question 14

right brain damage results in

Answer 14

left side paralysis
perceptual and memory deficits
quick and impulsive behavior

Question 15

patient’s mental status may be graded with

Answer 15

Glasgow coma scale

Question 16

abnormal structures of blood vessels.

Answer 16

arteriovenous malformations

Question 17

is an abnormal localized weakening, thinning, or dilation of the wall of a cerebral artery or vein resulting in a ballooning of the blood vessel

Answer 17

cerebral aneurysm

Question 18

injuries where the cranial vault is not violated are types of closed head injuries;

Answer 18

concussion and contusion

Question 19

fracture of the bones of the floor of the cranial vault

Answer 19

basilar skull fracture

Question 20

branch of rehabilitative health used to help patients maintain or restore their physical abilities

Answer 20

physical therapy