5th - Science Unit 3 Lesson 5 ** Flashcards
A fuel formed from the decay of ancient forms of life.
Fossil fuel
Any remains or imprints of living things from the past.
Fossil
The age of one rock or fossil as compared to another.
Relative age.
A rock’s age in years.
Absolute age
Long stretches of time used to measure Earth’s geological history.
Era
A resource that cannot be replaced within a short period of time or at all.
Nonrenewable resource
A resource that can be replanted or replaced naturally in a short period of time.
Renewable resources
A resource that there is virtually no end to the supply.
Inexhaustible resources
Where do fossil fuels come from?
Is a material that formed from the decay of ancient organisms and is used today as a source of energy.
Coal - 1. Dead organisms in a swamp form peat.
2. Peat is covered with layers of sediment. 3. Pressure turns peat into coal.
Oil & Gas -
1. Dead organisms fall to the ocean floor. 2. Dead organisms are buried in sediment. 3. Pressure forms oil and gas.
What is used to determine the age of a fossil?
The Law of Superposition - in general, each layer of rock is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it.
What does sedimentary rock found in fossils tell us?
Almost all fossils are found in sedimentary rock. Scientists can use fossils to learn more about ancient environments.
Where does most of earth’s energy come from?
Fossil fuels (?)
Where does geothermal energy come from?
Inside the Earth - heat produced inside Earth causes geysers and hot springs.
What are some examples of alternate energy sources?
- Energy from wind - windmills turn the motion of air into electricity.
- Energy from moving water - dams can generate electricity from water and energy in ocean waves can be captured using turbines.
- Solar energy- a solar panel captures solar energy
- Energy in the nucleus of atoms - Nuclear energy
- Geothermal energy - heat from inside the earth
- Biomass - plant and animal materials that are used as fuel.
Understand that the lower the rock layer, the older the fossil.
If you found one fossil in a top layer of rock and another fossil in a lower layer, the relative age of the fossil in the lower layer is older than the fossil in the higher layer.