Adverse Drug Effects

Question 1

what are the adverse drug reaction classification and what does each mean

Answer 1

Type A (explainable)
Type B (unexplainable)
Type C (chronic effects)
Type D (delayed effects)

Question 2

example of Type A effects

Answer 2

toxicity overdose, side effects, secondary effects, drug interaction

Question 3

example of Type B effects

Answer 3

intolerance, hypersensitivity, pseudoallergic, idiosyncratic

Question 4

example of Type D effects

Answer 4

carcinogenic and teratogenic effects

delayed onset and very rare

Question 5

what is an on target effect

Answer 5

• it is an exaggeration of the intended pharmacological effect
• can also be activation of the intended receptor but in a non target tissue

Question 6

what is an off target effect

Answer 6

activation of an incorrect receptor in target and/or non target tissue

Question 7

inducers of CYP450

Answer 7

carbamazepine, rifampin, phenobarbitol, dexamethasone, tobacco

Question 8

inhibitors of CYP450

Answer 8

cimetadine, ciprofloxacin, ketoconazole, clarithromycin, quinidine, grapefruit juice

Question 9

when do teratogens have the most profound effect

Answer 9

during organogenesis ( 3rd - 8th week gestation)