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Anatomy_Key Terms_Ch1 Flashcards

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1
Q

anatomy

A

study of the structure of the human body

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2
Q

morphology

A

the science of form

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3
Q

physiology

A

study of body function

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4
Q

gross anatomy

A

the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye

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5
Q

dissection

A

cut apart

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6
Q

regional anatomy

A

all structures in a single body region are examined as a group

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7
Q

systemic anatomy

A

all the organs with related functions are studied together

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8
Q

surface anatomy

A

the study of shapes and markings (called landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs

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9
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

the study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope

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10
Q

histology

A

tissue study, or microscopic anatomy

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11
Q

developmental anatomy

A

traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging

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12
Q

embryology

A

study of how body structures form and develop before birth

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13
Q

pathological anatomy

A

structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease

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14
Q

radiographic anatomy

A

the study of internal body structures by means of X-ray studies and other imaging techniques

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15
Q

functional morphology

A

explores the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design

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16
Q

tissue

A

group of cells and extracellular material that work together to perform a common function

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17
Q

organ

A

discrete structure made up of more than one tissue

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18
Q

organ system

A

organs that work closely together to accomplish a common purpose

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19
Q

organismal level

A

the result of all of the simpler levels working in unison to sustain life

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20
Q

anatomical position

A

A person stands erect with feet flat on the ground, toes pointing forward, and eyes facing forward. The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body.

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21
Q

regional terms

A

names of specific body areas

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22
Q

axial region

A

consists of the head, neck, and trunk. The trunk is divided into the thorax (chest), abdomen, and pelvis; trunk includes the region around the anus and external genitals, called the perineum.

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23
Q

appendicular region

A

consists of the limbs, which are also called appendages or extremities

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24
Q

opposites: superior

A

opposites: inferior

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25
opposites: anterior (ventral)
opposites: posterior (dorsal)
26
opposites: medial
opposites: lateral
27
opposites: superficial
opposites: deep
28
sagittal plane
extends vertically and divides the body into left and right parts
29
median plane
sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline, or midsaggittal plane
30
parasaggittal plane
sagittal plane offset from the midline
31
frontal (coronal plane)
extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
32
transverse (horizontal) plane
runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, also called a cross section
33
oblique sections
cuts made along any plane that lies diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical
34
X-axis cut
transverse plane
35
Y-axis cut
frontal (coronal) plane
36
Z-axis cut
median (midsaggittal) plane
37
ventral
"""belly"" of a vertebrate animal; anterior in humans, inferior of four-legged animals"
38
dorsal
"refers to an animal's back; posterior in humans, superior in four-legged animals"
39
viscera
or visceral organs; organs contained in the ventral body cavity
40
acidic stains
negatively charged molecules stain the positively charged structures of the cell or tissue
41
basic stains
positively charged dyes bind to and stain negatively charged structures
42
artifacts
minor distortions introduced by preparing tissue for microscopy
43
study of the structure of the human body
anatomy
44
the science of form
morphology
45
study of body function
physiology
46
the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye
gross anatomy
47
cut apart
dissection
48
all structures in a single body region are examined as a group
regional anatomy
49
all the organs with related functions are studied together
systemic anatomy
50
the study of shapes and markings (called landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs
surface anatomy
51
the study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope
microscopic anatomy
52
tissue study, or microscopic anatomy
histology
53
traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging
developmental anatomy
54
study of how body structures form and develop before birth
embryology
55
structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease
pathological anatomy
56
the study of internal body structures by means of X-ray studies and other imaging techniques
radiographic anatomy
57
explores the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design
functional morphology
58
group of cells and extracellular material that work together to perform a common function
tissue
59
discrete structure made up of more than one tissue
organ
60
organs that work closely together to accomplish a common purpose
organ system
61
the result of all of the simpler levels working in unison to sustain life
organismal level
62
A person stands erect with feet flat on the ground, toes pointing forward, and eyes facing forward.  The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body.
anatomical position
63
names of specific body areas
regional terms
64
consists of the head, neck, and trunk.  The trunk is divided into the thorax (chest), abdomen, and pelvis; trunk includes the region around the anus and external genitals, called the perineum.
axial region
65
consists of the limbs, which are also called appendages or extremities
appendicular region
66
opposites: inferior
opposites: superior
67
opposites: posterior (dorsal)
opposites: anterior (ventral)
68
opposites: lateral
opposites: medial
69
opposites: deep
opposites: superficial
70
extends vertically and divides the body into left and right parts
sagittal plane
71
sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline, or midsaggittal plane
median plane
72
sagittal plane offset from the midline
parasaggittal plane
73
extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal (coronal plane)
74
runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, also called a cross section
transverse (horizontal) plane
75
cuts made along any plane that lies diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical
oblique sections
76
transverse plane
X-axis cut
77
frontal (coronal) plane
Y-axis cut
78
median (midsaggittal) plane
Z-axis cut
79
"""belly"" of a vertebrate animal; anterior in humans, inferior of four-legged animals"
ventral
80
"refers to an animal's back; posterior in humans, superior in four-legged animals"
dorsal
81
or visceral organs; organs contained in the ventral body cavity
viscera
82
negatively charged molecules stain the positively charged structures of the cell or tissue
acidic stains
83
positively charged dyes bind to and stain negatively charged structures
basic stains
84
minor distortions introduced by preparing tissue for microscopy
artifacts

Anatomy (42 decks)

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