anticoag vs thrombolytics Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the difference between anticoagulants and thrombolytics?
Anticoagulants prevent new thrombi and prevent existing ones from enlarging. Thrombolytics break down existing clots.
What do anticoagulants do?
They prevent the formation of new clots and stop existing ones from getting bigger.
What do thrombolytics do?
They break down already formed clots in emergency situations.
When are anticoagulants used?
They are used for venous thrombosis (DVT, PE), atrial fibrillation, prosthetic heart valves, post-MI, and post-TIA.
When are thrombolytics used?
They are used for conditions like acute MI, massive PE, and acute ischemic stroke.
What are the risks of thrombolytics?
High risk of bleeding. They are used only when the benefits outweigh the risks.
What is the role of anticoagulants in PCI?
Anticoagulants like Heparin and Antiplatelets (e.g., Aspirin + P2Y12 ADP inhibitor) are used to prevent clot formation during PCI.
What is fibrinolysis?
The process where plasminogen is converted to plasmin, which dissolves clots.
How do thrombolytics affect fibrinolysis?
They enhance the process of fibrinolysis by breaking down clots.
What are some thrombolytic drugs?
Alteplase (tPA), Tenecteplase, and Reteplase are examples.
What are the side effects of thrombolytics?
Bleeding, requiring treatment with pressure dressing, blood products, or aminocaproic acid.
What is Hemophilia A?
Hemophilia A is “Classic Hemophilia,” caused by a deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
What is Hemophilia B?
Hemophilia B, also called “Christmas Disease,” is due to a deficiency of clotting factor IX.
What is Hemophilia C?
Hemophilia C involves a deficiency of clotting factor XI, more common in Jewish people of Ashkenazi descent.
What is von Willebrand Disease (vWD)?
It is a deficiency in von Willebrand factor, which is required for coagulation.
How is Hemophilia A treated?
It’s treated with Factor VIII concentrate, but may cause allergic reactions.
How is Hemophilia B treated?
It’s treated with Factor IX concentrate, which may also cause allergic reactions.
What is Desmopressin used for?
Desmopressin is an alternative therapy for minor bleeding episodes in Hemophilia A.
How is von Willebrand Disease treated?
Treated with Factor VIII concentrate or Desmopressin.
What is Kcentra?
Kcentra is a 4-factor clotting factor concentrate that provides factors II, VII, IX, and X.
What is Profilnine SD?
Profilnine SD is a 3-factor clotting factor concentrate providing factors II, IX, and X.
What is activated FVIIa (NovoSeven)?
It is an anticoagulant used for bleeding disorders, providing factors II, VII, IX, and X.
What is Anti-Inhibitor Coagulant Complex (AICC)?
AICC (Feiba) is a clotting factor concentrate providing factors II, VII, IX, and X.
What is the use of antifibrinolytic agents?
Antifibrinolytic agents like aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid are used to prevent excessive bleeding.
