antiemetics Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the use of Anticholinergics in antiemetics?
Scopolamine is used for motion sickness.
What are common antihistamines for motion sickness?
Dimenhydrinate, Meclizine, Hydroxyzine.
What are the side effects of Anticholinergics & Antihistamines?
Sedation and anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, etc.).
What are some interactions with Anticholinergics & Antihistamines?
CNS depression, antihypertensives, and other anticholinergics.
What is the use of Serotonin (5-HT3) Receptor Antagonists in antiemetics?
Ondansetron and Granisetron are used for nausea and vomiting (N&V).
What are side effects of Serotonin Antagonists?
Headache (HA), diarrhea, dizziness, and prolonged QT interval (caution).
What is the use of Dopamine Antagonists in antiemetics?
Prochlorperazine, Metoclopramide, and Promethazine are used for N&V.
What are side effects of Dopamine Antagonists?
Extra pyramidal symptoms (EPS), tremors, tics, hypotension, sedation, and anticholinergic effects.
What should be done to manage EPS from Dopamine Antagonists?
Treat with anticholinergics like diphenhydramine or benztropine.
What are specific concerns with Promethazine?
Tissue damage (use large bore, dilute, and push slowly), respiratory depression, and hypotension.
What nursing monitoring is needed for Dopamine Antagonists?
Monitor orthostatic BP, pulse, respiratory rate (RR), ECG, and Q-T wave changes.
What is the use of Cannabinoids in antiemetics?
Dronabinol is used for N&V management.
What are side effects of Cannabinoids?
Dissociation, dysphoria, hypotension, and tachycardia.
What are Substance P/Neurokinin1 Antagonists used for?
Aprepitant and Fosaprepitant are used for nausea and vomiting, especially in cancer treatment.
What are side effects of Substance P/Neurokinin1 Antagonists?
Fatigue, HA, diarrhea, dizziness, and liver damage.
What are drug interactions for Substance P/Neurokinin1 Antagonists?
They have many interactions, so caution is needed when combining with other medications.
What is the role of Lorazepam in antiemetics?
It provides sedation, suppresses anticipatory emesis, and causes retrograde amnesia.
What are the side effects of Lorazepam?
Sedation and complex sleep-related behaviors.
What is the role of Glucocorticoids in antiemetics?
Dexamethasone is used with other antiemetics to improve efficacy.
What are side effects of Glucocorticoids in antiemetic use?
Corticosteroid effects (e.g., increased blood sugar, fluid retention).
