VTE + CVA Flashcards
What is VTE?
VTE (Venous Thromboembolism) typically presents as DVT or PE.
What is DVT?
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
What is PE?
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is when a clot breaks off and travels to the lungs.
What are inherited risk factors for VTE?
Factor V Leiden, Protein C/S deficiency.
What are acquired risk factors for VTE?
Immobility, surgery, malignancy, trauma, pregnancy, oral contraceptives.
How is VTE treated?
Anticoagulation with DOACs, warfarin, LMWH, Heparin, Fondaparinux, or Argatroban.
What is an IVC filter used for?
It’s used if anticoagulation therapy is contraindicated.
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
AF is an irregular heart rhythm that increases the risk of stroke and other complications.
What are the risks of Atrial Fibrillation?
Increased risk for death, heart failure, hospitalization, and thromboembolic events.
What conditions are linked to Atrial Fibrillation?
HTN, CAD, valvular heart disease.
How is Atrial Fibrillation treated?
Rate control (BB, CCB), rhythm control (Cardioversion), and anticoagulation (DOACs, Warfarin, Heparin).
What is the main concern with treating Atrial Fibrillation?
The risk vs. benefit of anticoagulation therapy.
What are the types of CVA?
Ischemic CVA (vascular occlusion) and Hemorrhagic CVA (ICH or SAH).
Which type of CVA is more common?
Ischemic CVA is more common.
What are risk factors for CVA?
HTN, age, smoking, heart disease, diabetes, and TIA history.
What imaging is needed for a suspected CVA?
CT Head or MRI to differentiate ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke.
How is Ischemic CVA treated?
IV alteplase (tPA) within 3-4.5 hours, aspirin, clopidogrel, statins.
How is Hemorrhagic CVA treated?
Discontinue anticoagulants, reverse them with Vitamin K, Protamine, Idarucizumab, or Andexanet alfa.
