thrombopoietin, anemia Flashcards
(22 cards)
What class are Eltrombopag, Avatrombopag, Lusutrombopag, and Romiplostim?
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists.
What is the primary use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists?
Platelet enhancers.
What is the platelet count goal with these drugs?
> 50,000 / mm³.
Common adverse effects of thrombopoietin receptor agonists?
Fever, cough, headache, nausea, edema.
What are serious risks associated thrombopoetin receptor agonists?
Thromboembolism, hepatotoxicity.
What is anemia?
A decrease in erythrocytes (RBCs) in number, size, or hemoglobin content.
What are the causes of anemia?
Blood loss, hemolysis, bone marrow dysfunction, nutrient deficiencies.
What is the treatment for mild anemia?
Increase iron-rich foods.
What is the treatment for moderate anemia?
Oral iron supplements.
What is the treatment for severe anemia?
Parenteral iron therapy.
What are common oral iron preparations?
Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate.
What are common parenteral iron preparations?
Iron dextran, ferumoxytol, iron sucrose, sodium-ferric gluconate complex (SFGC).
Common GI side effects of oral iron?
Nausea, constipation, heartburn.
What appearance change is expected in stool with oral iron?
Black or dark green stool.
What is a cosmetic AE of liquid iron?
Teeth staining.
What is the danger of iron toxicity in children?
Fatal; antidote = Deferoxamine + gastric lavage.
What are AEs of parenteral iron?
Skin staining (IM), anaphylaxis (iron dextran), hypotension.
What drugs/foods reduce iron absorption?
Antacids, tetracycline, caffeine, dairy, food.
When should oral iron be taken?
On an empty stomach (1 hour before meals).
What dietary advice should be given to patients on iron?
Increase high-iron foods, water, and fiber.
How should liquid iron be taken?
Dilute with water or juice, use a straw, rinse mouth after.
What enhances iron absorption?
Vitamin C.
