vitamins + minerals Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is the use of Pancrelipase?
It helps in digestion for patients with pancreatic enzyme deficiencies (e.g., CF, pancreatectomy, pancreatitis). It aids in the digestion of fats, carbs, and proteins.
What are common side effects of Pancrelipase?
Abdominal discomfort, flatulence, headache, cough, diarrhea, nausea, and cramping.
What should be noted about Pancrelipase use?
Avoid if allergic to pork, watch for steatorrhea (excess fat in stool). Don’t chew or crush the capsules; may open them and sprinkle microspheres.
What is the use of Ursodiol?
Used to dissolve cholesterol gallstones, particularly radiolucent stones.
What are water-soluble vitamins?
Vitamin C and B complex (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, biotin, folic acid, cyanocobalamin). They are stored briefly and excreted in urine.
What are fat-soluble vitamins?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K. Stored in the liver and fatty tissues.
What are the primary functions of Vitamin A?
Important for eye health (e.g., vision).
What happens with a deficiency of Vitamin A?
Night blindness, xerophthalmia (dry eyes), keratomalacia (eye damage), and blindness.
What is a toxicity concern with Vitamin A?
Teratogenesis (birth defects), liver injury, bone disorders.
What is the primary function of Vitamin D?
Promotes calcium absorption for bone health.
What happens with a deficiency of Vitamin D?
Rickets in children, osteomalacia (soft bones) in adults.
What are toxicity concerns with Vitamin D?
Hypercalcemia, kidney stones.
What is the primary function of Vitamin E?
Acts as an antioxidant.
What happens with a deficiency of Vitamin E?
Rare, but can cause neurological defects.
What are toxicity concerns with Vitamin E?
Bleeding, risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
What is the primary function of Vitamin K?
Involved in the synthesis of prothrombin and clotting factors.
What happens with a deficiency of Vitamin K?
Bleeding disorders.
What are toxicity concerns with Vitamin K?
Teratogenesis (birth defects), liver injury, bone disorders.
What is the primary function of Vitamin C?
Synthesis of collagen, adrenal steroids, antioxidant, and helps with iron absorption.
What happens with a deficiency of Vitamin C?
Scurvy (weakness, gum disease, skin issues).
What are toxicity concerns with Vitamin C?
Nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea.
What is the function of Niacin (Vitamin B3)?
Aids in metabolism and helps prevent pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia).
What is the function of Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)?
Involved in enzymatic reactions, prevents migraine headaches.
What is the function of Thiamin (Vitamin B1)?
Essential for carbohydrate metabolism, especially during pregnancy and lactation.
