Biology Ch. 2 Vocab Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is a carbohydrate?
a molecule that serves as a living thing’s main source of energy
What is an element?
a pure substance made up of only one type of atom
What is an acid?
a compound that forms H+ ions in a solution
What is a catalyst?
a substance that speeds up chemical reactions
What is a protein?
a large molecule made up of amino acids
What is an atom?
the basic unit of matter
What is a molecule?
atoms joined together by covalent bonds
What is a solvent?
a substance in which the solute dissolves
What is a solution?
a mixture in which all substances are evenly distributed
What is a chemical reaction?
the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
What are carbohydrates made out of?
sugars and starches
What are carbohydrates main functions?
store energy, structural purposes
Carbohydrates include….
monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and disaccharides
What are lipids main functions?
chemical messengers, membranes, store energy
Lipids include…
waxes, fats, oils
What are proteins made out of?
amino acids
What are proteins main functions?
making enzymes, regulating cell activity, and muscle structure
What are nucleic acids made out of?
Nucleotides
What are nucleic acids main function?
storing genetic information
Nucleic acids include…
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acids) and RNA (ribonucleic acids)
What are monosaccharides?
single sugar molecule
What are polysaccharides?
many sugars linked together
What is a covalent bond?
a bond in which atoms share valence electrons
What is an ionic bond?
a bond in which atoms transfer valence electrons
