Earth Science Vocab 3

Question 1

Cartographer

Answer 1

a person who makes maps.

Question 2

Projection

Answer 2

an image of a globe on a flat surface, in which the image is distorted in one way or another.

Question 3

Hemisphere

Answer 3

half of the globe.

Question 4

Longitude

Answer 4

these lines are NOT parallel and meet at each pole. They measure in degrees distance from the Prime Meridian.

Question 5

Latitude

Answer 5

parallel lines that measure distance North and South from the equator in degrees.

Question 6

Map Scale

Answer 6

a ratio which compares a measurement on a map to the actual distance between real life locations on the map

Question 7

False-Color Image

Answer 7

photography using infrared-sensitive film that produces images in which heat-emitting areas or objects appear red. (look up definition in tbook)

Question 8

Topography

Answer 8

A map that shows physical features.

Question 9

Contour Lines

Answer 9

Lines of elevation on a map.

Question 10

Contour Interval

Answer 10

How many units are between each contour line. Ex. 200 miles for each contour interval but 20 miles per interval line.

Question 11

Slope

Answer 11

How steep or gradual something is.

Question 11

Earth Science

Answer 11

The study of Earth and of the universe around it.

Question 12

Geology

Answer 12

The study of the origin, history, processes, and structure of the Earth

Question 13

Meteorology

Answer 13

The study of earths atmosphere

Question 14

Oceanography

Answer 14

The study of earths oceans

Question 15

Astronomy

Answer 15

The study of the universe beyond Earth

Question 16

The study of the ways humans interact with their environment

Answer 16

Environmental science

Question 17

Steps of the scientific method

Answer 17

Ask a question, form a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions

Question 18

Hypothesis

Answer 18

A possible explanation to a problem

Question 19

Independent variable

Answer 19

Factors that are changed in an experiment by the person performing the experiment

Question 20

Dependent variables

Answer 20

Variables that change as a result of a change in the independent variable

Question 21

The amount of imprecision in a set of measurements

Answer 21

Error

Question 22

Percent error formula

Answer 22

{Accepted value-experimental value. divided by the accepted value } times 100

Question 23

Model

Answer 23

A description or representation of and object, system, process or concept

Question 24

An explanation that is consistent with all excusing test and observations

Answer 24

Theory

Question 25

What is the shape of the earth?

Answer 25

Oblate spheroid

Question 26

The thin, solid, outermost layer of earth

Answer 26

Crust

Question 27

The layer that underlies the crust. It is more dense than the crust

Answer 27

Mantle

Question 28

Scientist think that this layer is composed of mainly iron and nickel

Answer 28

Core

Question 29

Law of gravitation

Answer 29

The force of attraction between two objects depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between the objects

Question 30

An organized group of related objects or components that interact to create a whole

Answer 30

System

Question 31

A system in which both energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings

Answer 31

Open systems

Question 32

A system in which energy but not matter is exchanged with the surroundings

Answer 32

Closed system

Question 33

The blanket of gases that surrounds earths surface

Answer 33

Atmosphere

Question 34

Hydrosphere

Answer 34

The hydrosphere makes up all of earths water

Question 35

The mostly solid part of earth

Answer 35

Gepshoere

Question 36

Composed of all of the forms of life and the geosphere, in the hydrosphere, and atmosphere

Answer 36

Biosphere

Question 37

What are the two main sources of energy in the earth system?

Answer 37

Suns and radioactive decay

Question 38

A flat map that represents the three-dimensional curved surface of a globe

Answer 38

Map projection

Question 39

Maps that show the surface features of earth

Answer 39

Topography maps

Question 40

Hieght above sea level

Answer 40

Elevation

Question 41

Lines on a map used to show elevation

Answer 41

Contour lines

Question 42

The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points of the area being met

Answer 42

Relief