Carcinoid Syndrome Flashcards
(11 cards)
What type and location of tumor is associated with carcinoid syndrome?
Neuroendocrine tumor of small bowel, appendix, or lung
What hormone is secreted by neuroendocrine tumors in carcinoid syndrome?
Serotonin
This secretion leads to various clinical symptoms.
List five symptoms of carcinoid syndrome.
- Flushing
- Tachycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Diarrhea
- Bronchospasm
These symptoms are a direct result of serotonin release.
What cardiac condition is common in carcinoid syndrome?
Tricuspid regurgitation
It presents as a holosystolic murmur that increases with inspiration due to tricuspid lesions.
How is carcinoid syndrome diagnosed?
Urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA)
This test measures the levels of a serotonin metabolite in the urine.
True or False: Carcinoid syndrome can be confused with serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is often due to
Serotonin syndrome is often due to drug interactions, such as starting a monoamine oxidase inhibitor too soon after discontinuing an SSRI, or if a patient takes St John wort with an SSRI
Fill in the blank: The murmur associated with carcinoid syndrome is _____.
tricuspid regurgitation (holosystolic and increases with inspiration)
This characteristic helps in diagnosing the condition.
What is the significance of S-100 positivity in carcinoid tumors?
It indicates the neuroendocrine nature of the tumor
S-100 is a marker often used in the identification of certain tumors.
Carcinoid tumor marker
These tumors are characterized by S-100 positivity
Carcinoid tumor histology
These tumors consist of small blue cells.
Carcinoid syndrome causes increased production of
Serotonin from tryptophan (required for niacin production), resulting in niacin deficiency (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia)
