ALL

Question 1

What type of leukemia is associated with children, particularly pre-adolescents?

Answer 1

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

ALL is the most common type of leukemia in children.

Question 2

What leukocyte count is indicative of a child with leukemia in a USMLE question?

Answer 2

For example, 60,000/µL with 90% lymphocytes

This count is characteristic of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Question 3

What is a significant differential diagnosis of ALL that can present similarly?

Answer 3

Pertussis

Pertussis can cause reactive lymphocytosis, mimicking ALL.

Question 4

What unique symptoms can help differentiate pertussis from ALL?

Answer 4

Cough, post-tussive emesis, hypoglycemia

These symptoms are specific to pertussis and not typical of ALL.

Question 5

What two markers are ALL cells commonly positive for?

Answer 5

CD10 and TdT

These markers are used in the diagnosis of ALL.

Question 6

What genetic condition increases the risk of developing ALL in children?

Answer 6

Down syndrome

Children with Down syndrome have a higher risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Question 7

Q gives standard vignette of Downs and then ask
for what child is at greatest risk of developing

Answer 7

Excess lymphoblasts (ALL)

This finding is pertinent in the context of Down syndrome and leukemia risk.