Chapter 14 - Europe After WW1 Flashcards
1
Q
When was Treaty of Versailles signed?
A
28th of June 1919, in the Hall of Mirrors, Versailles.
2
Q
What were the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles?
A
- Sign a ‘War Guilt’ clause admitting to starting the war
- Pay reparations of £6600 mil
- Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
- Land to Poland for a coastline. 1/10 population living abroad
- Army reduced to 100,000 men.
- Rhineland became demilitarised (between Fra, Ger & Bel)
3
Q
What was wrong with the Treaty of Versailles?
A
- Defeated countries did not attend (“dictated peace” - Hitler
- Russia not invited
- Germans resented ‘War Guilt’. Did not believe it was just them.
- New countries e.g. Poland, had many races etc. => Problems
- Italy was promised gains (Treaty of London). Did not receive them
4
Q
What was the League of Nations?
A
An organisation set up by President Wilson (USA) after WW1 to keep the peace.
5
Q
What is Fascism?
A
A political movement threat emerged in Europe during the interwar years. Fascists believed in a dictatorship and extreme nationalism. They were anti-communist. Private ownership
6
Q
What is Communism?
A
A political system that believes the wealth of a country should be held in the hands of the state for the common good of the people. No private ownership
7
Q
How did Stalin rule?
A
- Iron fist
- Secret Police = KGB
- Prison Camps = Gulags
