the science of analyzing MoI
kinetics of trauma
the branch of mechanics dealing with the motions of material bodies.
kinetics
mass (wieght) x velocity (speed) ²
__________________________ =
2
kinetic energy
(weight in lbs)
(speed in ft per second)
a body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion, unless acted upon by an outside force.
law of inertia
vehicular collision - three impacts:
vehicle
body
organ
Rupture of the lungs that occurs as the chest meets with blunt trauma after taking a deep breath, usually during a motor vehicle crash.
paper bag injury
injury where the neck is hyperextended and the anterior spinal ligaments are often stretched or torn
whiplash
SCIWORA
spinal
chord
injury
with
out
radiologic
abnormality
a fall of ____ ft for an adult is considered severe
20ft
a fall of _____ft, or 2-3x the height of the child is considered severe
10ft
a fracture of the wrist bone is known as _______
colles or “silver fork”
the path or motion of a projectile during its travel.
trajectory
the way energy is transferred to the human body from the force acting on it
dissipation of energy
factors that slow a bullet down, such as wind resistance.
drag
the impact point of the bullet. the greater the size of the impact point, the more energy is transferred
profile
the cavity in the body tissues formed by a pressure wave resulting from the kinetic energy of the bullet
cavitation
a bullet that breaks up into small pieces or releases small pieces upon impact that increases body damage these pieces are called _______.
fragmentation
every explosion has three phases:
primary
secondary
tertiary
explosion injuries phase -
due to the pressure wave. these injuries primarily affect the gas-containing organs, such as lungs, stomach, intestines, inner ears, and sinuses. severe damage and death may occur from this phase without any external sign of injury.
primary phase
explosion injuries phase -
due to flying debris propelled by the force of the blast, or blast wind. the injuries of this phase are obvious. most common are lacerations, impaled objects, fractures, and burns.
secondary phase
explosion injuries phase -
occur when the patient is thrown away from the source of the blast. injuries are much the same as you would expect from ejection from a vehicle. the pattern is dependent on the distance thrown and the point of impact.
tertiary
trauma center that can manage all types of trauma 24hrs a day, 7 days a week.
level 1 - regional trauma center
trauma center that can manage most trauma with surgical capabilities 24hrs a day, 7 days a week. they are capable of stabilizing more specialized trauma patients and then transferring them to a level 1 center
level 2 - area trauma center
trauma center that has some surgical capability and specially trained emergency department personnel to manage trauma. this type of center focuses on stabilizing the seriously injured trauma patient and then transferring to a higher-level center
level 3 - community trauma center
trauma facility that is typically a small community hospital in a remote area capable of stabilizing seriously injured trauma patients and then transferring them to a higher-level trauma center
level 4 trauma facility
specialty trauma centers may include:
1
2
3
4
5
neurocenters
burn centers
spinal cord injury centers
peds trauma centers
limb reimplantation centers