Chapter 30 - Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Frectures Flashcards Preview

EMT - Basic - Prehostpital Emergency Care 10th Edition > Chapter 30 - Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Frectures > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 30 - Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Frectures Deck (27)
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1
Q
the functions of the muscularskeletal system are:
1
2
3
4
5
A
give the body shape
protect internal organs
provide for movement
store salts and other materials for metabolism
produce red blood cells
2
Q

three kinds of muscle:

A

cardiac
voluntary (skeletal)
involuntary (smooth)

3
Q

connect the muscle to the bone

A

tendons

4
Q

connect bone to bone

A

ligaments

5
Q

a strong, smooth, flexible, compressible, and slippery substance found at the point of articulation of two bones. allows the bones to ride over each other during movement with relatively little friction.

A

cartilage

6
Q

bending motion that moves the extremity toward the body

A

flexion

7
Q

bending motion that moves the extremity away from the body

A

extension

8
Q

movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

A

adduction

9
Q

movement of a body part away from the midline of the body

A

abduction

10
Q

turning along the axis of the bone or joint

A

rotation

11
Q

movement through an arc of a circle or in a circular motion from a central point

A

circumduction

12
Q

skeletal systems 6 basic components

A
skull
thorax
pelvis
upper extremities
lower extremities
spine
13
Q

the axial skeletal system is composed of:

A

head
thorax
spine

14
Q

the appendicular skeletal system is made up of:

A

bones in extremities
including:
shoulder girdle and pelvis

15
Q
bones of upper extremity:
which consists of:
shoulder girdle
arm
forearm
hand
A
clavicle
scapula
humerus 
radius
ulna
carpal
metacarpals
phalanges
16
Q
bones of the lower extremity:
which consists of:
pelvis
thigh
leg
foot
A
pelvis (including ilium, ischium, and pubis)
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
calcaneus
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges
17
Q

a break in the continuity of a bone

A

fracture

18
Q

s/s
pain
tenderness
deformity
discoloration
tingling or abnormal sensation; may be nerve injury
loss of feeling; may be nereve injury
weakness; may be nereve injury
loss of muscle control; may be nereve injury
inability to move the extremity
decreased pulse amplitude, increased cap refill

A

fracture

19
Q

degenerative bone disorder associated with an accelerated loss of minerals, primarily calcium, from the bone.

A

osteoporosis

20
Q

an injury to a muscle or a muscle and tendon, possibly caused by overextension, or overstretching.

A

strain

21
Q

an injury to a joint capsule, with damage to or tearing of the connective tissue, and usually involves ligaments.

A

sprain

22
Q

the displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint.

A

dislocation

23
Q

a force that causes injury some distance away from the point of impact

A

indirect force

24
Q

direct blow.

A

direct force

25
Q

a force that twists a bone while one end is held stationary

A

twisting force

26
Q

when assessing an extremity for the possibility of a fracture or dislocation, remember to evaluate the six P’s:

A
pain
pallor
paralysis
paresthesia (numbness)
pressure
pulses
27
Q

a condition in which increased tissue pressure in a confined space causes decreased blood flow, leading to hypoxia and possible muscle, nerve, and vessel impairment, which may be permanent if the cells die

A

compartment syndrome

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