Chapter 39 - Geriatrics Flashcards Preview

EMT - Basic - Prehostpital Emergency Care 10th Edition > Chapter 39 - Geriatrics > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 39 - Geriatrics Deck (17)
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1
Q

constriction or narrowing of a passage or opening, for example of the valves of the heart

A

stenosis

2
Q

an increase in the size of the heart from a thickening of the heart wall, without a parallel increase in the size of the cavity. which decreases stroke volume and decreases cardiac output.

A

cardiac hypertrophy

3
Q

irregular contractions of the myocardium secondary to electrical disturbances in the heart

A

dysrhythmias

4
Q

wide spread hardening of the arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

5
Q

clouding of the lens of the eye. can be slight, causing some visual disturbance, or significant, severely obstructing light from entering the eye. if sufficient light cannot pass into the eye for focusing the retina, then it becomes difficult of impossible to see clearly

A

cataracts

6
Q

second leading cause of blindness in US, a disease process in which increased intraocular pressure damages the optic nerve and inhibits the ability of the eye to transmit visual info properly

A

glaucoma

7
Q

typically occurs in older adults and affects the ability to see objects in the center of the visual field. there may be enough peripheral vision left intact that the person can still carry on with most activities of daily life

A

macular degenerating

8
Q

condition where the retina (the light-sensitive portion of the posterior eye) becomes detached from the supportive tissue behind it. the retina converts light images to nerve impulses for transmission via the optic nerve to the bran.

A

retinal detachment

9
Q

progressive, bilateral, and symmetrical hearing loss from the effects of aging

A

presbycusis

10
Q

any derangement or abnormal function of the motor, sensory, and autonomic nerve tracts. could be diffuse, involving multiple neurons and nerve tracts that affect many parts of the body, or focal neurons that affect a single, specific nerve and part of the body. generally includes pain, numbness, tingling, swelling, muscle weakness, or even absent pain perception.

A

neuropathy

11
Q

is a form of low blood pressure that happens when you stand up from sitting or lying down. can make you feel dizzy or lightheaded, and maybe even faint.

A

Orthostatic hypotension

12
Q

a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D

A

osteoporosis

13
Q

the four most common causes of SOB:

A

pulmonary embolism

pulmonary edema

pneumonia

COPD

14
Q

adverse or toxic reaction to a drug or drugs, a condition for which the elderly patient is more at risk than the younger patient

A

drug toxicity

15
Q

condition resulting from the malfunctioning of normal brain activity. a chronic, irreversible condition that can be severely worsened by infection, med change, trauma, or other acute condition.

A

dementia

16
Q

a serious disturbance in mental abilities that results in confused thinking and reduced awareness of your environment.

A

delirium

17
Q

believed to be a disease of the nerve cells in which brain cells degenerate and die. the disease causes confusion, emotional depression, irritability, and violence between lucid intervals.

A

alzheimers

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