Chapter 29 - Burns Flashcards Preview

EMT - Basic - Prehostpital Emergency Care 10th Edition > Chapter 29 - Burns > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 29 - Burns Deck (22)
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1
Q

tough leathery burned skin - dead soft tissue formed in the full-thickness burn injury

A

eschar

2
Q

burn injuries involving the skin are classified as superficial (_______ degree) partial-thickness (_____ degree) or full thickness (______ degree)

A

first degree
second degree
third degree

3
Q

burn that only involves the epidermis. usually caused by a flash (a sudden occurence of heat or flame lasting only a few seconds), hot liquid or the sun

A

superficial burn

4
Q

burn that involves not only the epidermis but also portions of the dermis. occur from contact with fire (flame or flash), hot liquids or objects, chemical substances, or the sun.

A

partial-thickness burn

5
Q

s/s
thin-walled blisters result from superficial dermal layer changes

skin is pink and moist (moisture is caused by small leaks in the capillary beds caused by the burn.)

skin is soft and tender to touch. (skin resiliency and hydration are normally preserved, but the skin will be more tender to the touch

A

superficial partial-thickness burns

6
Q

s/s
thick-walled blisters often rupture. (the more severe nature of the blisters occurs because the dermis is injured at a greater depth, and they tend to rupture with any body motion or accidental friction because of their large size

skin is red and blanched white. (deeper levels of the epidermis and dermis are injured.)

the pt can still feel pressure at the site (pain receptors in the dermis may now be damaged and less responsive in some situations, but pressure receptors are found deeper in the dermis and may still be intact.)

there is poor cap refill to the burn site. (increased edema starts to compromise cap beds in the vicinity of the burn.

A

deep partial-thickness burns

7
Q

burn that involves all three layers of the skin. results from contact with extreme heat sources such as hot liquids or solids, flame, chemicals, or electricity.

A

full-thickness burn

8
Q
the most important factors to consider in determining burn severity are:
1
2
3
4
5
A
depth of burn
location of the burn
pt age
preexisting med condition
% of body surface area involved
9
Q

a standardized way to quickly determine the amount of skin surface, or the body surface area percentage of a burn

A

the rule of nines

10
Q

the concept that the area of a pts palm is equal to about 1% of his body surface area; a way to quickly identify the amount of skin or body surface area that has been burned.

A

rule of ones

11
Q

5 major types of burns

A
thermal 
inhalation
chemical
electrical
radiation
12
Q

burn associated with heat applied to the body

A

thermal burns

13
Q

burn associated with high temp air or steam that is inhaled and causes damage to the mucosa of the upper airway.

A

inhalation burns

14
Q

burns produced by acids, alkalis, and other heat-generating chemicals.

A

chemical burn

15
Q

burn that results from resistance to electrical current flow in the body. the burns are primarily internal

A

electrical burn

16
Q

burn that occurs from the absorption of radiation into the body

A

radiation burns

17
Q
burns may be caused by a variety of mechanisms:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
flame 
contact
scald
steam
gas
electrical
flash
18
Q

burn s/s:
pink or red dry skin
slight swelling
pain and tenderness to touch

A

superficial burn

19
Q

burn s/s:
white to cherry red skin
moist and mottled skin
blistering and intense pain

A

partial-thickness burns

20
Q

burn s/s:
dry, hard, tough, and leathery skin that may appear white and waxy to dark brown or black and charred (eschar)
inability to feel pain because of damaged nerve endings
pain on peripheral edges of burns

A

full-thickness burns

21
Q
burn s/s:
singed nasal hairs
facial burns
burned specks of carbon in the sputum
a sooty or smoky smell on breath
resp distress
presence of actual burns of the oral mucosa
A

inhalation injuries

22
Q

commercially prepared sterile, particle-free, disposable sheet, used to cover the entire body in severe burn injuries

A

burn sheet

Decks in EMT - Basic - Prehostpital Emergency Care 10th Edition Class (44):