China and Japan Test Review

Question 0

Matteo Ricci

Answer 0

Jesuit priest. Wanted to learn more about Chinese culture. Ricci’s writings have Europeans the only knowledge they had about China.

Question 1

Zhu Yuangzhang

Answer 1

Peasant who founded and was the first emperor of the Ming Empire. 1368-1398. Leader of rebellion that overthrew Yuan leaders. Reestablished civil service system and Confucian learning.

Question 2

Macao

Answer 2

Trading post in China opened only to Portuguese in 1514. Eventually opens up to more western countries. During Ming Dynasty

Question 3

Zheng He

Answer 3

Chinese admiral who led 7 expeditions to explore Western World. 1407 was his first expedition. Showed strength in Chinese empire.

Question 4

Qing Dynasty

Answer 4

Kangxi and Qianlong were emperors. People of Qing were the Manchus who overpowered the Ming Dynasty. Adopted Confucian system of government. Mid 1600s - early 1900s.

Question 5

Kangxi

Answer 5

Emperor of Qing dynasty in 1600s and 1700s. Promoted Chinese culture and extended Chinese power to Central Asia. Wanted long term stability after years of Chaos and war

Question 6

Francis Xavier

Answer 6

Jesuit Spanish priest who helped spread Christianity in Japan. However, when the Japanese began to owe their allegiance to the Pope, the Japanese shoguns kicked the Christians out of Japan Because they felt they were losing power.

Question 7

Tokugawa Shoguns

Answer 7

Leaders or rulers o Japan. Strict and disciplined. They also had an emperor. They were appointed by the emperor to mainly be military leaders.

Question 8

Extraterritoriality

Answer 8

The right of foreigners to be protected by their own laws. The British demanded it after the opium war (Treaty of Nanking).

Question 9

Indemnity

Answer 9

The payment for a loss of a war.

Question 10

Sino-Japanese War

Answer 10

Japan vs. Qing China. Fought for control over Korea. 1894. Japan won and gained control of Korea.

Question 11

Taiping Rebellion

Answer 11

A civil war in China. Led by Hong Xiuquan. 1853-1864. 20 million died. Wanted British goods out.

Question 12

Open door policy

Answer 12

When the United States called for china to keep trade open for everyone in an equal fashion.

Question 13

Guang Xu

Answer 13

Young emperor who launched 100 day reform, new laws were intended to modernize. However, they rallied against him and he was imprisoned.

Question 14

Tokugawa Era

Answer 14

Shoguns and emperors. Military govt. Rigid class system. Religion was Buddhism. Agricultural economy. Isolated Japan from the rest of world for 215 yrs.

Question 15

Hideyoshi Toyotomi

Answer 15

Daimyo, warrior, general and politician of the Sengoku period. He reunified Japan. He was a samurai.

Question 16

Commodore Matthew Perry

Answer 16

Naval commander who was sent by Millard Filmore to offer trade to China. They disagreed after he disrespected them in 1853.

Question 17

Fukuzawa Yuichi

Answer 17

Japanese writer and educator during Meiji. First diplomatic mission to the United States. Wrote books about the customs and practices he learned.

Question 18

Zaibatsu

Answer 18

Powerful banking and industrial families durin Meiji period. They would buy Government built factories and develop them.

Question 19

Treaty of Kanagawa

Answer 19

America made Japan open two ports. Also gained extraterritoriality and low taxes. Led to Harris Treaty which gave US more rights.

Question 20

Iwakura Mission.

Answer 20

Diplomatic journey by Japan and minister Tomomi Iwakura to learn more about the west. They wanted to help modernize Japan by bring back ways of the west.

Question 21

Townsend Harris

Answer 21

Successful merchant. Negotiated Harris Treaty. Credited for being one of the ones who opened Japan up to the US and the rest of the world.

Question 22

Yuan Dynasty

Answer 22

The dynasty of the Mongols in China. Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan are most famous leaders. 1271-1368.

Question 23

Marco Polo

Answer 23

Italian merchant. Served under Kublai Khan. Came back from adventures to say good things about China ( Mailing systems and wealth).

Question 24

Ming dynasty

Answer 24

Zhu Yuanzhang founded it. They were Han Chinese. Resets listed civil service systems.

Question 25

Ghengis and Kublai Khan

Answer 25

Two rulers during Yuan dynasty. Genghis - 1206-1227. Kublai - 1260-1294.

Question 26

Qianlong

Answer 26

Emperor who expanded China to the biggest is ever was. Took place during major economic and population boom. 1736-1796.

Question 27

Lord Macartney

Answer 27

Brought samples of British goods to China but they refused because he did not respect the emperor. (Did not do the cow tow). 1793.

Question 28

Treaty of Nanjing

Answer 28

Treaty that made China pay $21 million and extraterritoriality after losing the Opium War in 1842.

Question 29

Warlords

Answer 29

A local military leader who has both military and civil control of an area.

Question 30

Sun Yat-sen

Answer 30

Passionate spokesman for Chinese Republic. Wanted to bring change in China and make it a republic. Early 1900s

Question 31

Meiji restoration

Answer 31

When Tokugawa changed to Meiji in Japan. They wanted to modernize their country by venturing into the west and learning their ways.

Question 32

Edo Tokyo

Answer 32

Capital of Japanese empire. (Changed name to Tokyo during Meiji).

Question 33

Foraging Society

Answer 33

250,000 years. Small communities, global migrations and slow population growth.

Question 34

Agrarian Society

Answer 34

Lasts 10,000 years. Based on agriculture. New technology --> irrigation. Population growth and sea and lads trade increased. Goods became globalized.

Question 35

Modern Society

Answer 35

Information Age. Rapid growth in energy, increased life expectancy. Europe loses its spot as center of trade. Scientific (movable print) and industrial (machines) revolution.