World Civ Test #2 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Twenty One Demands
A list of rights that Japanese gained over the Chinese.
May Fourth Movement
A protest led by students against the giving Shangdong to Japanese in 1919 (Treaty of Versailles). Their goal was to strengthen China by getting rid of confucian learning.
Vanguard
The elite leaders of the communist revolution in the early stages.
Guomingdang
The nationalist party of Sun Yatsen and Jiang Jieshi.
Long March
An epic retreat of the communists and Mao and 100,000 of his followers (8,000 survived) from Jiang Jieshi and the nationalists. They trekked long distances through rugged mountians and trails. It showed the communists heroism and power.
How did Mao Zedong change the Chinese society?
He wanted to shape econoy off dynastic rule. He discouraged Buddhism and other cultural chinese beliefs. Prosecuted opponents for being counterrevolutionary. And used collectivization which forced poooling of chinese peasant labor to increase productivity.
Great Leap Forward (List pros and cons and when)
( 1958-early 1960s) In an attempt to increase productivity ao created communes and asked for an superhuman effort to create goods. However, it was a failure becuase they created low quality goods and they had to cut food form the people and cold winters combined to cause famine and 55 million chinese lives. However, the pros were that they learned from their mistakes and created better systems to produce goods.
Cultural Revolution (Why? How? When?)
(1966-1976) Mao prosecuted the bourgeoise and beat many of them, they had to close schools and businesses. He did this because he wanted to purge the Chinese of bourgeoise tendencies. Teenagers formed the Red Guards and prosecuted the bourgeoise of being anti-communist and they publically let people know by marches to kill them. Because of this a civil war threatened.
What were the dates of the ROC and the PRC?
ROC: 1911-1949
PRC: 1949-Today
What were the dates of Mao’s rule?
1949-1976
Pusan Perimeter
It was the line where the US forced North Korea to stop during the Korean war.
Diet
Japanese parliament that Emperor Hirohito established.
What lieral changes did Emperor Hirohito make in the 1920s?
He established the Diet, the Zaibatsu manipulted politicians with donations and they wanted to slow expansion to protect relations.
1922- US made agreement with Japan that Japan would limit the size of their Navy.
When did the Great Dpression take place and how did it effect Japan?
It took place in the late 1920s and ealry 1930s. It slowed trade hugely and the ultranationalists were born from it. They then did the Manchurian Incident.
What did Japan do after World War II?
They formed and alliance with Germany and Italy forming the Axis Powers and signing the Tripartite Pact in 1940.
When did the New Culture Movement take place?
1916
When did the 1st communist meeting take place and who particpated?
1921 (Mao Zedong participated)
When, who and how did they take Manchuria from China?
1931 the Ultranationalists took control of Manchuria through the Manchurian incident.
When did the Sino-Japanese War #2 take place and what was the outcome?
It took place in 1937 and Japan took control of all major cities in China along eastern coast.
How was the US brought into WWII?
After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the US was forced into retalliating by dropping atomic weapons.
When was the Potsdam Conference, who participated and what were the keys points of discussion?
It occured in July of 1945. Russia and Joseph Stalin, US and Harry Truman and Britain and Winston Churchill participated. The 4 main points of discussion were:
- US occupation of Japan
- Dismantle their armed forces
- Give up land prior to 1914 (Taiwan, China, etc.
- Unconditional surrender
When did V-E day occur and who surrendered and why?
Germany surrendered in May 1945 after Britain had been bombing them for a long time with their new strategy of Strategic bombing and the Firestorm Formula.
When did V-J day occur and who surrendered and how?
Japan surrendered in August of 1945 but offically surrendered on September 2, 1945 after US dropped nuclear weapons on them.
Where did the signing of the surrender of Japan papers take place and who participated?
Took place on USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay
Douglas MacArthur - Supreme Allied Commander
Admiral Chester Nimiiz - Pacific Fleet Commander
Admiral Halsey - …
Momoru Shigemitsu - Foreign Minister
Yoshijiro Umez - General of Military
Other countries: Singapore, China, Russia, GB, Austrailia, Canada, Africa, France and the Netherlands
