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World Civ. Semester 2 Final Flashcards

This deck was created by combining two or more decks (81 cards)

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0
Q

Bedouins

A

Arab herders. Nomads. Leader was a sheikh.

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1
Q

Sheikh

A

A leader of a Bedouin tribe.

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2
Q

Eastern Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic (differences)

A
  • Orthodoxy often uses science and philosophy to defend and explain their faith.
  • Pope is infallible in Orthodoxy when his infallibility is rejected in Roman Catholicism
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3
Q

Vladimir

A

Ruler of Kiev who sent observers to choose religion for them. He chose Christianity.

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4
Q

Vladimir

A

Ruler of Kiev who sent observers to choose religion for them. He chose Christianity.

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5
Q

Ivan The Terrible

A

Considered himself heir of Roman rule. Have himself name of czar. Formed oprichniki who arrested boyars and have land to czar.

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6
Q

Astrolabe

A

Device that allowed people to chart the positions of the stars and this calculate their position on earth.

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7
Q

Minaret

A

Tower in a mosque for the pulpit of the prayer leader.

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8
Q

Yaroslav the Wise

A

Created Pravda Russkia. Russia’s first legal code.

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9
Q

Imams

A

Shi’ah’s descendants who decided religious and worldly matters.

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10
Q

Jihad

A

The struggle to defend the faith. You will be rewarded heaven if you die defending your faith.

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11
Q

Hijrah

A

The migration that Muslims take from Mecca to Yathrib

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12
Q

Islam

A

Followers are called Muslims. The holy book is the Qur’an. Required to follow the Five Pillars of Islam. Had to do jihad or to die defending your religion. Worship in mosques.

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13
Q

Yaroslav the Wise

A

Created Pravda Russkia. Russia’s first legal code.

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14
Q

Hajj

A

Pilgrimage to Mecca. Fifth pillar of Islam.

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15
Q

Procopius

A

Byzantine historian

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16
Q

Ivan III (The Great)

A

Overcame Mongol rule and was first independent leader of Russia.

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17
Q

Ivan I

A

First prince of Moscow that was given by Mongols. Started to become more independent

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18
Q

Arab Government

A

All Arabs were expected to follow Islam laws.

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19
Q

Shi’ah

A

Other side of split between Islam. Caliph was ‘Alī’s. THOUGHT ALI WAS RIGHTFUL SUCCESSOR TO PROPHET MUHAMMAD. His descendants were called imams and said that they should decide religious and worldly matters.

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20
Q

Kievan Russia

A

Lead by Rurik and his people were called Rus.

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21
Q

Mongols

A

Barbaric people who took over Kiev. Destroyed almost all of the city. They taxes the slavs heavy but otherwise let them be.

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22
Q

Pravada Ruskia

A

First Russia legal code created by Yaroslav the Wise.

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23
Q

Kievan Russia

A

Lead by Rurik and his people were called Rus.

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24
Sunni
One part of split Islam. Followers of Sunna. Meaning habitual practice. Caliph was Mu'awiyah.
25
Abbasids
Sunni Muslims. Another tribe based in Baghdad.
26
Eastern Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic (similarities)
- Both have 27 New Testament books - Both believe in the trinity - Both believed in Christ's journey from the cross to death to heaven
27
Sufi
3rd islam group who wanted to live simple lives. Turned away from worldly possessions. Believed that faith in God was the only mark of a persons worth.
28
Mongols
Barbaric people who took over Kiev. Destroyed almost all of the city. They taxes the slavs heavy but otherwise let them be.
29
al-Rāzī
Greatest doctor in Islamic world
30
Abū Bakr
Chosen to be caliph or successor to the prophet. Expanded Islam northward.
31
Moors
Moors who made Spain there home.
32
Batu Khan
Powerful mongol leader. Took over Russia.
33
Ibn Sīnā
Best known Islamic thinker, scholar and doctor.
34
Ivan I
First prince of Moscow that was given by Mongols. Started to become more independent
35
Ivan III (The Great)
Overcame Mongol rule and was first independent leader of Russia.
36
Caliph
Successor to the prophet.
37
al-Idrīsī
Islamic geographer. Sent people to other countries.
38
Wachabbi
Another Islam branch from Sunni. Based on hard rigid practices and rules.
39
Slavs
The people of the Kievan Russia
40
Pravada Ruskia
First Russia legal code created by Yaroslav the Wise.
41
Ivan The Terrible
Considered himself heir of Roman rule. Have himself name of czar. Formed oprichniki who arrested boyars and have land to czar.
42
Procopius
Byzantine historian
43
Ummayyad
Sunnis Muslims. Part of Quraysh tribe. Were oppressed by Shiites and Abbasids.
44
Slavs
The people of the Kievan Russia
45
'Umar
Succeeded Abū Bakr as caliph. Conquered many territories to spread Islam.
46
Turks
Converted to Islam. Settled in modern day Baghdad. Sultan ruled the Turks. Then their spreading of Islam was cut short by the Christians.
47
Ovid
Wrote love lyrics
48
Romulus
Founder of Rome. Killed his brother to gain power
49
Frugalitas
Simplicity and practicality
50
First triumvirate
A group of 3 - tri - rulers consisting of Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompey, Licinius Crassus.
51
Tacitus
Historian who wrote Augustus and his criticism about the separation that is made with the rich and the poor.
52
Octavian
Given the name Augustus because it meant revered one. Stretched empire from Syria to Egypt. Split power of Rome with Marc Antony - Antony East and Octavian west. Then declared war on Antony and Cleopatra forcing them into suicide.
53
First Punic war
Romans feared that Cartheginian empire would control trade so they took over them and made them pay a large sum of money.
54
Latifunda
.
55
Colosseum
Huge arena where gladiator fights took place. Could hold up to 50,000 people.
56
Gaius Marius
Tribune of Roman Republic. Starting recruiting his own volunteer army. Was taken over by Sulla when Sulla killed 3,000 of Marius's supporters.
57
Consuls
Two were elected at the top of the roman republic. They could veto each others acts and laws. Like president nowadays but there were two for checks and balances.
58
Aqueducts
Water systems that traveled through the arches in the Roman architecture.
59
Second punic war
Carthaginian General Hannibal defeated Romans but had to ransack farms because of lack of resources. Then Roman general Scipio defeated Hannibal at Zama.
60
Hannibal
.
61
Gladiators
Slaves and criminals who fought to the death against each other and even animals like lions and elephants.
62
Crucifixion
The way of murder where hey nailed the hands of people to the sides of a cross and let them hang with their arms up until they painfully and slowly suffocate to death.
63
Third Punic war
Romans wanted to finish off Carthage so they destroyed it. Them Rome defeated Macedonia and gained power over Mediterranean.
64
Equites
Business people and landowners who arose from the Punic wars
65
Tribunes
There were 2-10 of them. They were charged with the protection of lives and property of plebians. Could veto laws as well.
66
Checks and balances
When two rulers or other parts of the government make sure that nobody abuses their power. (separation of powers)
67
Legion
A group of organized military soldiers who would split into maniples which were even smaller and more organized sets of soldiers.
68
Paterfamilias
Male head of the household.
69
A single ruler who has total control of an empire.
.
70
Punic wars
.
71
Senate
Part of Legislative branch. 300 members. Served for life and appointed by consuls. Controlled finances.
72
Gravitas
Seriousness | Appropriate to the situation
73
Cleopatra
Queen of Egypt. Was also put on throne with Caesar and later with Marc Antony.
74
Veto
Blocking ones decision like a law in politics.
75
Pax romana
Also know as roman peace. A time period during the roman empire was named pax romana.
76
Julius Caesar
Powerful public speaker who gained control of Rome with two popular generals, Gnaeus Pompey and Licinius Crassus forming the First Triumvirate. Was assassinated by his "friends" Gaius Cassius and Marcus Brutus.
77
Republic
A form of direct democracy. Everyone could hold political office - not determined by birth but by merit/ accomplishments. Code of laws - Twelve Tables.
78
Virgil
Great roman poet who wrote the Aeneid.
79
Spartacus
A slave from Thrace who led a long revolt that held up much of the Roman army. Slaves got up to over 70,000
80
Marcus Aurelius
Kneifel five good emperors. Well educated and was a follower of the stoic philosophy.

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