Disorders of Language

Question 1

what is aphasia?

Answer 1

disturbance in language as a results of brain damage

Question 2

language versus speech

Answer 2

language produced via:

1. speech
2. writing

Question 3

3 causes of aphasia:

Answer 3

1. acute:stroke
2. insidious: dementia
3. paroxysmal: seizures/migraines

Question 4

Paul Broca started the move towards?

Answer 4

lateralization

Question 5

% of ppl who are left lateralized?

Answer 5

95% right handers

70% left handers

Question 6

does right hemisphere have any role in language?

Answer 6

Yes.
Prosody
paralinguistic aspects

Question 7

2 divisions of MCA?

Answer 7

superior

inferior

Question 8

inferior MCA supplies?

Answer 8

1. temporoparietal cortex

2. visual tracts

Question 9

superior MCA supplies?

Answer 9

1. sensorimotor cortex

2. ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 10

2 parts of language system is?

Answer 10

1. production

2. selection

Question 11

Non fluent aphasia is problem with? what kind of lesion?

Answer 11

anterior lesion:

prob with production/grammar/structure

Question 12

Broca’s aphasia called?

Answer 12

non-fluent aphasia

Question 13

Wernicke’s aphasia called?

Answer 13

fluent aphasia

Question 14

fluent aphasia is impaired where? with what?

Answer 14

posterior lesion

impaired selection of content

Question 15

2 areas of in Broca important in language: Pars…

Answer 15

1. pars triangularis

2. pars opercularis

Question 16

2 gyri that have temporoparietal assication neocortex with Wernicke’s area?

Answer 16

1. supramarginal gyrus

2. anglar gyrus

Question 17

what is the arcuate fasciculus tract for?

Answer 17

link Wernicke’s to premotor and Broca’s

Question 18

Wernicke’s aphasia language output include what 2 things?

Answer 18

1. neologisms

2. paraphasic errors

Question 19

Wernicke’s aphasia motor and comprehension is?

Answer 19

no motor impairment

impaired comprehension

Question 20

what happens if you get Wernicke’s aphasia affecting visual tracts?

Answer 20

could have right quadrantanopsia

Question 21

Broca’s Aphasia: describe

Answer 21

Non-fuent

highly effortful speech

Question 22

Broca’s Aphasia comprehension and muscles?

Answer 22

preserved comprehension

right face and arm weakness

Question 23

What is conduction aphasia?

Answer 23

fluent aphasia better thn Wernicke’s

poor repetition of words

Question 24

what is transcortical motor aphasia?

Answer 24

non-fluent
repetition is preserved
muteness if severe.

Question 25

2 big mechanisms of recovery:

Answer 25

1. contralateral transfer | 2. ipsilateral re-organization

Question 26

examples of contralateral transfer?

Answer 26

young age: 1. stroke 2. hemispherectomy

Question 27

examples of ipsilateral reorganization? when?

Answer 27

adults 1. stroke 2. focal developmental anomaly

Question 28

which is better long term recovery? reorganization ipsilateral? or contralateral?

Answer 28

both is best

Question 29

Uvula towards or away from lesion?

Answer 29

away from lesion

Question 30

sticking out tongue: is weak side towards or away from lesion?

Answer 30

towards lesion