Exercise Prescription Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
what is exercise prescription professional competency
A
exercise prescription is a central professional competency requiring knowledge, skills and supplication of the movement science
2
Q
what are the two key professional competencies
A
assessment
prescription
3
Q
what is assessment
A
assess client status for movement and exercise in all life domains [ powerful tools, interactive assessment]
4
Q
what is prescription
A
selection appropriate movements to enable safe improve function efficiency and health status
5
Q
critical skills require _____ &_____ of health and lifestyle threats and risk factors
A
empathy and understanding
6
Q
what us a chronic condition
A
pathological health conditions which are not curable but are treatable
7
Q
what is lifestyle risk factor
A
form the bass for most life threatening disease which are preventable and controllable through: treatment and prevention prescription
8
Q
what are the two types of prescription
A
treatment and prevnetion
9
Q
what is an acute disorder
A
musculoskeletal injuries plus other pathologies which are treatable and can be resolved through medical treatments and rehab
10
Q
what are the three movement prescription skills
A
- functional movement
- workplace ergonomics
- recreational, competitive, fitness
11
Q
what is functional movement
A
to enable basic to complex life function for day to day maintenance
example: sit, stand, drive, dress, eat, bathroom
12
Q
what is workplace ergonomics
A
creating proper technique for lifting, creating comfortable chairs and equipment to be used
13
Q
in regards to workplace ergonomics what is fatigue
A
8-12 hour shift low-moderate exertion
14
Q
what movement prescription skill does overuse injury fall in
A
work ergonomics
15
Q
what is important to consider what working with recreation, competitive or fit individuals
A
higher musculoskeletal demands
training and conditioning required
high motivation
high risk factors
16
Q
what is an extreme form of habituation
A
addiction
17
Q
two assessment methods
A
verbal vs testing
18
Q
what two components are u assessing
A
training
fitness levels
19
Q
what are the two energy path ways
A
aerobic
anaerobic
20
Q
what are the five exercise response concepts
A
flexibility/range performance level for: strength endurance and power agility balance
21
Q
what is an example of biomechanics- skill mechanics
A
walk, lift throw, jump
22
Q
safety and stress limits
A
lifting mechanics spotting CV controls ex. heart rate, blood pressure
23
Q
health condition limits-
A
respirator, muscular CV
24
Q
what are four training adaptions
A
specificity
progressive overload
reversibility
individual differences
25
what is the FITT principle
frequency
intensity
time
type/mode
26
what is an adaptive change for pregnant women
normal systemic/metabolic physiological and anatomical adaptions for mother to allow for growth of fetus ex. tissue and somatotype-weight gain up to 20kg change in COM, gait,,
27
movement and fitness levels dictate _____ of pregnancy and _____
ease
| delivery
28
true or false activity level changes with each trimester
true
29
what are the two endocrine changes in pregnant women
estrogen
| progesterone
30
what is estrogen used for
rebuilds the endometrial lining after menstruation
enlarges breast during pregnancy
prepares breast for lactation
helps regulate progesterone levels during pregnancy
31
what is progesterone used for
maintains endometrial lining during pregnancy
| limits the natural movement of the uterus to prevent contraction early in pregnancy
32
what hormone is released early in pregnancy to limit uterine contractions
relaxin
33
what is relaxin's major roles
soften cervix in prep for child birth
| increase range of motion-ligament relaxation
34
what is produced after delivery and stimulates milk production on mammary glands
prolactin
35
what hormone stimulate uterine contractions at the end of pregnancy, and stimulates milk ejections
oxytocin
36
exercise increase_____ return
venous
37
what are Braxton Hicks
false contractions
38
what is the greatest predictor of health for a new born baby
weight
39
____ improve; lymphatic flow- minimizes edema
exercise
40
what maneuver is it called when you hold your breath
valsalva maneuver
41
what would be the three outcomes of prevention of CVD
- decrease financial burden
- decrease morbidy
- decrease mortality
42
what is the most common form of heart disease
Coronary Artery Disease
43
in CAD arteries become_____
atherosclerotic
44
approx. how many American's does CAD affect
13 million
45
what is an early warning sign of CAD
angina pectoris
46
what is the category for any condition where the arteries become more rigid
arteriosclerosis
47
what are the three types of arteriosclerosis
atherosclerosis
monckbergs arteriosclerosis
artheriosclosis
48
what is monckbergs arteriosclerosis
hardening of arties due to calcium deposit
49
what is artheriosclerosis
hardening of arteries
50
result of plaque build up in inner linging of arteries, what is the plank
accumulation of cholesterol, calcium and other substances
51
plaque causes_____ of arteries which restricts blood flow
narrows
52
what is the outermost layer of a vessel, middle and inner called
tuncia adventitia
tunica media
tunica intima
53
what is tunica adventitia main role
anchors vessel to surrounding structures
54
what is tunica media main role
can stretch, recoil, constrict and dilate
| composed on smooth muscle & elastic connective tissue
55
what is tunica intima main role
think layer of flat cells
only layer that contacts blood
role in development
easily damaged by: high BP, smoking, high LDL, high triglyercides, infection diabetes
56
damage to tunica_____ causes inflammation
intima
57
___+ macrophages ----> foam cells
| foam cells----> ____ _____
LDL
| fatty streak
58
what is a heart attack called
myocardial infaraction
59
what are symptoms of MI
```
angina pectoris
radiating pain- arms back neck raw
shortness of breath
cold sweat
nausea vomiting or light-headedness
```
60
what disease is: when one or more of the hearts valves do not work properly
heart valve disease
61
what are three types of heart valve disease
valvular stenosis
valvular insufficiency
valve prolapse
62
what is valvular stenosis
a valve does open properly [ opening too small or it become stiff]
63
what is valvular insufficiency
valve doesn't close completely
64
what is valve prolapse
valve bulges into the chamber of the heart
65
what is bradycardia
heart beat is too slow
66
what is tachycardia
heart beat is too fast
67
what is arrhythmias
heart beat rhyme
68
what is considered hypertension
>140/90 mm Hg
69
what is PAD
peripheral artery disease
70
what is peripheral artery disease
atherosclerotic plaque causes narrowing in peripheral arteries
leads to ischemia [ inadequate blood supply] in distal tissue
71
what is congenital heart disease
present at birth
| defect in the heart and vessels
72
what is congestive heart failure
failure happen when the heart doesn't pump as strongly as it needs to
CHF is the result of damaged heart
73
what are the three major components of the CV system
blood
heart
vessels
74
two jobs of CVS
1. ensure adequate distribution of oxygenated blood throughout the body
2. deliver waste products to excretory organs (kidney, lungs, skin) where they can be removed
75
there are two different types of risk factors that contribute to CVD
controllable
| uncontrollable
76
what are the two higher risk ethnicity's
Asian and African
77
what is atherosclerosis
build up of plaque on arterial wall-arterial lesion/damage to wall, high LDL= high plaque levels
78
what is arteriosclerosis
breakdown of atrial walls elastic qualities increase in internal pressure-hardening of vessels which increase internal pressure which results in high blood pressure
79
what is aneurism
bulging of blood vessel-pressure in brain or [aneurism aortic]
80
what is defined as: tightness/pressure in chest, mid back, jaw neck and left arm
angina
81
catheter placed through one of what two atrial option
femoral or radial
82
optional cardiac tests
MUGA scan
stress test
nuclear stress test
persantine test
83
what is MUGA scan:
injection of radioactive nuclear medicine-provides a movie image of heart chambers using specialized camera while exercising
84
what is a stress test
patient is exercised [treadmill or bike] to max target heart rate level plus their perceived exertion, blood pressure and heart rate EKG readings taken simultaneously
85
what is a nuclear stress test
radio isotopic injected at rest and after exercise-pictures taken of heart to detect regions where blood deficient
86
what is a persantine test
evulates coronary arteries without exercise. drug-presantine injected to relax and dilate coronary blood vessels as if you were exercising-radioisotope also used to take pictures
87
what is: progressive chronic disease causing reduction in bone density
osteoporosis
88
what is a malformation of spine called
dowager hump
89
what does BMD stand for
bone mineral density
90
1 SD below average BMD means
osteopenia
91
2.5 SD below normal BMD means
osteoporosis
92
what is glucocorticoids associated with
osteoporosis
93
what is vertebral compression
wedge fractures not obvious with x rays
94
what is severe kyphosis
anterior vertebra body collapsing during flexion
95
what is respiratory function and vital capacity reduced
muscular failure in thorax
96
premarin oge estrace and Estraderm are medications for
osteoporosis
97
what two hormones reabsorb at cancellous bone
calcitonin and miacalcin
98
what is Osgood bar syndrome
chronic fatigue often experienced alone
99
out of 18 how many pain trigger sites do you need to be considered fibromyalgia
11
100
what is symptoms cycling
problematic for consistent quality of life, work and consistent personal lifestyle
101
what is parethesis
numbness at variable points in extremities
102
what is fibro fog
general neural 'fuzziness' loss of short term memory, inability to complete verbal sentences
103
what are three fibro-etiologies
muscle abnormalities
neuro endocrine
gentic predisposition
104
neuro endocrine (fibro etiology)
autonomic system regulation disorder- digestive tract bowl function-irritable bowl syndrome
105
HPA hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal gland disturbance, serotonin levels variable and local muscle glucose metabolism diminished is a cause of what
fibro
106
rheumatism
non-specific term used to describe any painful disorder affect the locomotors system including joints, muscles, connective tissue, soft tissue around the joints and bones
107
how many classes are there of OA
4
108
what are the four classes of OA
1- able to perform most motions with [ain tolerance
2- mild/moderate 1+ joints
3- limited abilities partial self care
4- incapacitated- death with failure of respiratory system-thoracic cage failure
109
what is systemic auto immune inflammatory disorder
rheumatoid arthritis
110
NSAID medication
pain reduction agents ex aspirin
111
DMARDS medication
disease modifying antirheumatic drug
112
BRM
biological response modifiers [immune response]
113
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
114
secondary infection for COPD is
phlegm blockage response
115
what is emphysema
collapse of alveoli
116
what is asthma
restriction of air flow to lungs
117
what di antihistamines treat
allergy control
118
what do antiviral treat
infections
119
nociceptors
receptors for pain
