Flashcards in Human Cell Deck (53)
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1
movement; move something or itself
microvilli
2
Let's certain thing go through
cell membrane
3
lipid metabolism detoxification of drugs ,deactivates steroids, absorbs lipids
smooth ER
4
houses DNA & chromosomes
nucleus
5
allows certain molecules to exit
nuclear pores
6
fluid that suspends the chromatin and nucleolus
nucleoplasm
7
ribosome synthesis
nucleoulus
8
synthesize proteins
ribosome
9
site of protein synthesis; ribosome attachment, synthesize lipids, transports materials in cells
Rough ER
10
Keeps cell in shape, also used for movement
cytoskeleton
11
produce ATP, release energy, cellular respiration
mitochondria
12
digest worn cellular parts or substances that enter cells
lysosome
13
contain and transport substances
vescicle
14
thin, form bundles and meshwork, provide cell movement
microfilament
15
packages proteins for transport and secretion
golgi body
16
occupy space between nucleus and ribosomes; contain protein enzymes
cytoplasm
17
propel fluid over surfaces
ciclia
18
Support most weight in cell, support cytoplasm and move substances
microtubules
19
a cellular organelle built of microtubules that organizes the mitotic spindle
centriole
20
Controls what comes in and out of cells
Cell membrane
21
Allows some molecules in and out of cell
Selectively permeable
22
Cells are made up of what 3 parts?
Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm
23
What are the functions of the proteins found in cell membranes?
Structure, recognition, channel, receptors, transport, adhesion
24
Helps with the stability of the cell membrane, makes less permeable for water soluble things
Cholesterol
25
Combination of phospholipid and embedded proteins/cholesterols, not in a stationary position
Fluid mosaic model
26
Two types of transport mechanisms account for movement of various substances across cellular membranes (2)
Passive and active
27
What are the 4 types of passive transport?
Diffusion, carrier proteins, osmosis, ion channels, filtration
28
What are the 5 types of active transport?
Na-K pump, proton pump, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, exocytosis
29
Where are organelles found?
Cytoplasm
30
Clear liquid in cytoplasm
Cytosol
31
Inner membrane of mitochondria; hold enzymes needed in energy transformations to make ATP
Cristae
32
What two things make up ribosomes?
Proteins and RNA
33
Where are ribosomes made?
Nucleolus
34
What organic compounds do ribosomes synthesize or make?
Proteins
35
What does the rough ER make?
Protein
36
What does the smooth ER make?
Lipids
37
How does the Golgi work with the ER of a cell?
Vesicles travel of the Golgi and carries the chemicals throughout the cell
38
What protein makes up microfilaments?
Actin
39
What does the shape of the cell reflect?
Function
40
Performs special functions of the cell
Organelle
41
How many cells make up the human body?
75 trillion
42
Why do liver and muscle cells have more mitochondria than other types of cells?
Need lots of energy for movement and detoxifying materials
43
Why can cells not survive if they are totally isolated from their environment?
Doesn't have the nutrients they need and won't get things from other cells
44
What is the purpose of the carbohydrate tails attached to some integral proteins?
Cellular ID, sees what does and doesn't belong
45
Describe the outer covering of the mitochondria
Double layered, increases surface area
46
What organelles are the most numerous inside cells?
Ribosomes
47
Requires no energy and works with concentration gradient
Passive
48
Requires energy and doesn't work with concentration gradient
Active
49
Consists of inner and outer lipid bilayer membranes
Nuclear envelope
50
Made up of 2 chromatids connected by a centromere
Chromosomes
51
Consists of loosely coiled fibers of DNA and protein
Chromatin
52
House enzymes that catalyze synthesis of bile acid and detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, and break down lipids and biochemicals
Peroxisomes
53
