Instituto Cervantes 04_06A Flashcards
(17 cards)
- But god had the sense of humour + to place it on top of the convergance of three tectonic plates. Well done! (or Great job! or Good work!)
1b. Explain Good Job!
1c. Bloody amazing!** + **Get away**! (or **Wow look at that!) (positive surprise) (1st exp from La vida mas triste) - an extremely fertile land (fml)
- Pero Dios tuvo la guasa + de colocarla encima de la confluencia de tres placas tectónicas. ¡Casi nada!
1b. casi nada = almost nothing + ¡Casi nada! = indicates the opposite + always used ironically
1c. Toma! Toma!** + **Toma ya! = strong surprise, (1st = pos + neg) (2nd = only pos) - una tierra ubérrima** (adj) = very fecund (fecundo)
1a. Coffee plantations, a mild climate and superb landscapes (fml)(Superb -> N origin)
1b. mild (adj) means X (re tiempo) + Y (re mar)
2a. left behind it such a unique volcanic landscape (it = the eruption)
2b. explain behind it
3. the new lava flows and the hellish landscape
3b. explain hellish
3c. explain lava flows
1a. Cafetales, un clima bonancible y paisajes soberbios (-> soberbia = pride)
1b. bonancible -> fair weather + calm sea
2a. dejo tras de sí un paraje volcánico tan singula
2b. tras = order things happen -> tras de tí, sí, la erupción
3. las nuevas coladas de lava y el paisaje del averno
3b. averno = hell (infierno) + hellish (fml)
3c. colada -> colarse = to leak/slip through (liquid) + sneak in/queue jump/gatecrash (col)
What is the diff (when talking about space):
1a. Por + lugar eg estoy por el centro
1b. Por + lugar eg pleanean una marcha por el centro
1c. Para + lugar eg voy para el centro
2. a blue sky, clear (or pure) and dynamic
3. a fiery (or burning) volcanic landscape
1a. Express an approximate location eg I’m around the city centre
1b. Express trajectory eg they’re planning a march through the city centre
1c. Express direction = hacia eg I’m heading to the city centre
2. un cielo + azul + límpido y vitalisto
3. un paraje volcánico abrasador (-> abrasar = to burn)
What is the diff (when talking about time):
1a. Por + parte del día eg he preparado sopa por la mañana
1b. Para + momento eg he preparado sopa para mañana
2. I love the overwhelming logic of modest people. (clue: not abrumador)
3. I’m cumming (La vida perfecta)
1a. to locate when in day an event happened eg I made soup IN the morning
1b. to express appropriate moment = or event to happen eg I made soup for tomorrow (to event then)
2. Me encanta la lógica aplastante + de la gente sencilla (adj -> aplastar = to crush + to squash, eg an insect)
3. me corro (correrse)
What is the diff (when talking about reason):
1a. por/porque + inf/N/ProN - Estaba enfermo. Por eso me quedaba en casa.
1b. para/para que + inf/N/ProN - Me quedaba en casa para cuidar a mi hijo.
1c. para + inf/N/ProN - Para ser tan joven, es una persona muy madera.
1a. Express _the cause_ (a previous situation that has an effect) eg I was sick. That´s why I stayed home.
1b. Express _finalidad_ (a f_uture_ situation we want to arise from the action) eg I stayed home to look after after my son.
1c. Express _a possible obstacle_ which overcome in main sentence eg For being such a young man, he´s very mature
What is the diff (talking about persons):
1a. por + person’s name - Las cartas fueron escrito por David
1b. por + pronoun (mí, ti, él, ella, ustd etc) - Por mi, podemos preparar una cena en casa
1c. hacer algo por alguien - Tengo que dar la clase por Patricia
1d. para + person’s name - Las cartas fueron escrito para David.
1e. para + personal pronoun (mí, ti, él, ella, ustd etc) - Para** **mi, que no está en casa
1a. Express the person** who is **doing the action** - the cards were written **by David. (D is the author)
1b. Express opinion as to your preference - For me, we can prepare a dinner at home (ie it doesn’t bother me)
1c. Express do an action instead of s.o else eg I have to give the class for Patricia (ie instead of because she can’t not on behalf of ie represent s.o (lawyer).
1d. Express who receives** thing or benefit - The cards were written **for David (D is the recipient)
1e. Express opinion** on s.th which **not a preference - For me, he’s not at home (ie I think he’s not at home)
What is the diff (when referring to objects):
1a. N + por + inf eg tengo un par de exámenes por corregir
1b. N + para + inf eg Tengo un boli nuevo para corregir
2. a greyish haze
3. a swampy marshland
4. a passing squall (ie with water)(What N if just wind? ie no water)
1a. Express the object** is **waiting on the vb action to happen 1st eg I have a couple of exams to mark (ie I still haven´t marked them) (expresses obligation)
1b. Express _the objec_t serves the purpose of the vb action eg I have a new pen to correct. (expresses finalidad)
2. una bruma plomiza
3. un pantanal pantanoso (-> pantano = another N 4 swamp)
4. Un aguacero de paso (borrasca IF wind only)
1a. Well then, go back to bed, let’s go.
1b. Well then… (and implied get on with it)
2a. I hope that you´ve taken advantage of the good weather of the last couple of days
2b. what diff aprovechar meaning + prep CF
2c. aprovecharse
3. this sense confuses me (what was error?)
4. “quedar” has more than 15 meanings (or definitions) (clue: NOT sentidos)
1a. Pues venga, vuelve a la cama, vamos.
1b. Pues venga…
2a. espero que hayas aprovechado el buen tiempo de los últimos dos días.
2b. aprovechar: sacar el máximo rendimiento a algo + not followed by prep (rendimiento* = *performance, output)
2c. aprovechar_se de_: Sacar provecho de algo o de alguien, generalmente con astucia o abuso
3. este sentido me confunde (NOT confusa)
4. “quedar” tiene más de 15 acepciones
1a. What was the end result?/How did it all end up?
1b. In what sense is that verb used?
2a. Could you give me a little explanation … of
2b. Could you explain to me a little bit … of what is going on in this sentence.
3. ceiling (or room) -> roof (x2 + origin) -> roof top (eg bar, garden)
1a ¿En qué ha quedado todo?
1b. To indicate the end of a process, here person tells a whole saga X then Y then Z …
2a. Podrías darme una poca explicación … de
2b. Podrías explicarme un poco de lo que está pasando en esta oración.
3. techo -> techo/tejado (cubierta en tejas) -> azotea
What meaning of quedar*/*quedarse?
- I’m staying home + explain vb
- I have $50 left to get me through the month + explain
- He came over/off as a liar after cheating on his wife (clue: not ponerLE los cuernos) + explain
- We’ll meet at 5 o’clock at Town Hall + explain
1a. me quedo en casa -> quedarse = to voluntarily stop or stay in a place.
2. Me quedan 50 dólares para pasar el mes -> me/te + quedar = extent to which have part of s/th left
3. Quedó como** un mentiroso después de engañar a su mujer -> **quedar como + N = say of s.o who has gained a certain reputation due to their actions
4. Quedamos** a las 5 **en** Town Hall -> **quedar en/a = elegir un sitio y una hora para coincidir con otra persona
1a. What phrase use to test if other person agrees with our opinion or not?
1b. How use?
2. oxygen + carbon dioxide
3a. when aunque + vb indic?
3b. when aunque + vb subj?
4. It was predictable they would increase the weeks in confinment. (Clue: not previsible = foreseeable)
1a. ¿A que…?
1b. On own at start of sentence + on own after sentence with sí or no.
2. oxígeno + dióxido de carbono
3a. the obstacle (to overcome) = real or news to other person
3b the obstacle (to overcome ) = don’t know if real or not or already known to other person
4. Era predicible que aumentarían las semanas del confinamiento
1a. Do you think these trousers look good on me?
1b. I look good in these trousers, don´t you think?
1c. I look good in these trousers, don´t you think?
2. tourist (N)
3a. How a pesar de (que)/pese a(que) diff to aunque + why so useful?
3b. How used if followed by a N cf inf?
1a. ¿A que me queda bien este pantalón?
1b. Me queda bien este pantalón. ¿A que sí?
1c. Me queda bien este pantalón. ¿A que no?
2. el/la turista
3a. formal speech + combine ind/sub + inf + N + neutral prns
3b the que form + N cf non-que form + inf/pers prn
1a. _Although t_he occupancy figures have improved, the outlook for … (what a pesar form + vb indic use?) (Why?)
1b. Despite improving, the unemployment figures remain alarming. (what pese a form?) (Why?)
1c. Employment figures have improved. Despite that, the unemployment figures remain alarming. (why form?)
4. The eucalyptus is a native tree to Australia.
-
A pesar de que** **las cifras de ocupación han mejorado, el panorama de … (que form + N)
1b. Pese a mejorar, las cifras de desempleo siguen siendo alarmante (sin que form + inf)
1c. Las cifras de ocupacion han mejorado. Pese a ello (or eso), el panorama de desempleo siguen siendo alarmante (sin que form + neutral pronouns) - El eucalipto es un árbol autóctono de Australia.
- an earthquake worthy of opening the tv news (S.Amer term) (Opening = the 1st item + the action)
- one of the last to erupt was the Pacaya Volcano
- one of the villages scattered along its slopes (explain vb)
- he exudes a contagious vitality (explain vb)
- un terremoto digno de apertura de noticiero
- uno de los últimos en entrar en erupción fue el volcán de Pacaya
- una de las aldeas que se desparraman por sus laderas (desparramar = vertir = to spill, eg liquid -> desparramarse = t_o scatter_)
- Destila una vitalidad contagiosa (destilar = to ooze, lit -> to exude, fig)
- volcanic ash provides potassium and other nutrients (clue: not proporcionar)
- we kids used to do our homework by the roadside (clue: sentence structure to indicate “we”)
- it stands out** (or **silhouetted) against a blue sky (ie the volcano)
- crowned by plumes of clouds and fumaroles of sulphor (fumarole = term for volcanic gases)
- la ceniza volcánica aporta potasio y otros nutrientes
2. los chiquillos nos poníamos a hacer deberes al lado del camino - se recorta sobre un cielo azul
- coronados por penachos de nubes y fumarolas de azufre
- there are quite a lot of tourists on the authorised trails and locals (as in, local people)(clue: not autorizado)
- they sell handicrafts or walking sticks (clue: NOT báculo)
- things were getting really bad (clue: referring to the situation)
- I heard the bowels of the volcano crackling (vb - to crackle, the sound of burning)
- hay bastantes tuistas por los senderos habilitados y lugareños (habilitar - to authorise)
- venden artesanías o basones para caminar
- la cosa estaba poniendo muy fea
- oí las entrañas del volcán crepitar
- With the polluted air, it becomes difficult to go outdoors to do sport (clue: word order is opposite in Spanish)
- I guess that’s why they are buiding new bike lanes, to make it easier to move around.
- During rush hour there are … 8 million cars
- The resulting smog clouds are full of harmful substances. (as in damaging)
- Con el aire contaminado, se hace difícil salir a hacer deporte al aire libre
- Supongo que por eso se están haciendo nuevos carriles bici, para que sea más fácil circular.
- Durante la hora pico hay … 8 milliones de choches
- Los resultantes nubes de esmog están llenas de sustancias nocivas
