Flashcards in Lecture 28: Motivation Deck (15):
1
*****how do we measure motivation?
1. how much an animal consumes
2. hedonic reactions to a stimulus
3. how much work an animal will do to get something
4. what obstacles an anima will overcome
---
behaviour, verbal reports, and psychological
2
***what internal factors contribute to motivation
hunger
thirst
sex
3
***What environmental factors contribute to motivation?
1. time of day/month/year
2. social factors
3. restraint
4. level of deprivation
5. availability of food
6. how much work
7. palatability of food
4
*****What are the key brain areas and transmitter
systems that regulate motivation?
1. lateral hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens
2. dopamine and endogenous opiates
5
• Stimulation increases consumption, lesions
eliminated feeding
• Rats will lever-‐press at high rates to electrically stimulate this area but not if MEDIAL FOREBRAIN BUNDLE the output is disrupted
lateral hypothalamus
6
Dopamine
1. Does not control consumption
2. Does not control hedonic reactions to stimuli
3. Does effect exertion of effort and the influence or salience of environmental stimuli
7
opiods
1. Increase consumption, particularly of high calorie foods
2. Increase palatability or hedonic responses
3. Will increase the amount of work done for food
note:
Opioid stimulation
does not recapitulate
hunger and is not
sufficient to support
new learning.
8
- need that directs behaviour
- The force that moves people to behave, think, and feel the way they do.
- reason behind behaviour
motivation
--
the set of factors that initiate and direct behavior, usually toward some goal
- motivated behavior is always jointly determined by internal and external factors!! (neither factor alone can explain it)
9
major cause of learnng and behaviour
drive reduction
10
lesion medial part of the hypothalamus
eliminated feeling of the animals
11
Flupenthixol and Promozide are examples of what
Dopamine antagonist
- how much you're willing to do to attain a reward
12
importance for palatability of food
nucleus accumbens
13
nervous system is built for actions and actions are directed towards goals
movements are part of actions and actions have to satisfy the needs of the organisms
importance: how willing u are to take an action to receive a reward
nervous system is built for actions and actions are directed towards goals
movements are part of actions and actions have to satisfy the needs of the organisms
importance: how willing u are to take an action to receive a reward
14
link between hedonic reaction and food intake is regulated by _____ into the nucleus accumbens
opiates
15