Flashcards in Lecture 4: Motivation Deck (28):
1
Can produce paradoxical reward. Spontaneous recovery. Explain partial Rft. Respond more resilient to frustration.
Motivation and performance
2
Learning without behavior. Rft provides impetus to perform. Learning vs performance. Food is not benefitting learning only motivating them
Latent learning
3
Observation on what animals usually engages in. High probability behavior (more preferred). Low probability behavior (less preferred). Relative behavioral property. Rft depends on current preference of the individual (Rft is dynamic).
The premach principle
4
______________ outcome reinforces the S-R association
Motivation
5
What are the 2 instrumental conditioning?
1. Habitual
2. Two-Process theory
6
Insensitive to changes in motivation for the outcome, but discriminative stimuli influence motivational states. E.g. Cigarette cravings for smokers
Habitual
7
As Stimuli is associated with outcome, it elicits emotional states.
Two-Process theory
8
Through pairing outcome 1 with aversive outcome (e.g. Poison). Through situation using only outcome 1 (e.g. Free feeding long exposure)
Outcome devaluation
9
What affects performance of previously learned responses?
Internal states
10
What is a motivational response to the omission of an expected reward
Frustration
11
What produces a paradoxical reward effect
Frustration
12
What strengthens a response?
The omission of a reward
13
What reinforcement is present in the presence of a frustration
Partial reinforcement
14
What is critical for learning
Motivational properties of the reinforcer
15
What is the result of S-R learning
Satisfaction
16
What kind of learning occurs if learning is without behavior
Latent learning
17
What provides impetus to perform
Reinforcement
18
What is reinforcement?
Increase in response when paired with reinforcer
19
What is reinforcer
Stimulus/event that causes reinforcement
20
What makes biologic needs motivate behavior?
Drives
21
What is behavior organized to do?
To Satisfy needs
22
What is the formula of behavior
Behavior = habit (learning) X drive (motivation)
23
What is a stimulus that reduces drive
Reinforcement
24
What involves behavior of its own (e.g. Consumption). That is equal to increasing access to preferred behaviors.
By Premach
Reinforcement
25
What does the Premach principle states?
1. What behaviors an I individual is most likely to engage in
2. High probability behavior (more preferred)
3. Low probability behavior (less preferred)
4. Relative behavior property
26
Reinforcement depends on what?
The current preference of the individual (reinforcement is dynamic)
27
What influences motivational states
Discriminative stimuli
28