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Flashcards in Meds Deck (44)
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1
Q

Lasix (furosemide) or Bumetanide
7points

  1. )A ______ diuretic
  2. )most efficient and _____ acting
  3. )Given ___ or ___
  4. )Watch for ____ ??
  5. )May cause ?Chance Increases with what?
  6. )-Used for __ ( ____ or ____)
  7. )-can’t take Lasix if allergic to ______?
A

A loop diuretic

  • most efficient fast acting
  • PO or IV
  • Watch for hypokalemia
  • May cause decrease ototoxicity (The chances will increase when given with an aminoglycoside)
  • Used for edema ( pulmonary or CHF)
  • can’t take Lasix is allergic to sulfa drugs
2
Q

Hydro chlorothiazide

9 teaching points

What kind of diuretic is this ?

  • is _____acting diuretic?
  • what route do you use this ?
  • Acts mainly on the ?
  • Watch for _______ potassium levels?
  • do not give to clients with ?
  • decreases effectiveness of ____?
  • Increases toxicity in what heart meds ?
  • Use for?
A

Thiazide diuretic

  • is slow acting diuretic
  • use orally
  • Acts mainly on the distal tube
  • Watch for decreased potassium levels
  • do not give to clients with renal failure
  • Decreased effectiveness of antidiabetic agents
  • Increases Toxicity in heart meds; quinidine ( quit -a-deen )and digoxin
  • used for chronic hypertension
3
Q

Mannitol

these are used more to get rid of _____?

Great for ___?

A

Osmotic diuretic

-these are used more to get rid of water instead of sodium.
Great for increased ICP

4
Q

Spironolactone 5 teaching

Spy-ron-no -lac-tone

-not as _______ as the others diuretics,

is given which route ?

  • Watch for_____potassium levels
  • teach patient to avoid foods that are_____?
  • do not give to clients with ______?
  • Best diuretic for __
  • May cause ___
A

Potassium sparing diuretic

  • not as strong as the others,
  • used orally,
  • Watch for increased potassium levels
  • teach patient to avoid foods that are high in potassium
  • do not give to clients with diabetic mellitus
  • May cause agranulocytosis
  • Best diuretic for hyperaldosteronism
5
Q

(Acetazolamide) 2 teaching

a-seat-a-ZOLE-a-mide)

  • blocks _________ in the ________?
  • not much use as a diuretic, better for ________ (why) or ______?

increase loss of ______ can lead to metabolic ______

A

End in -Lamide

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors (diuretic)

  • blocks carbonic Anhydrase in the proximal tubes
  • not much use as a diuretic, better for open angle glaucoma When you are trying to get the ocular pressure down or metabolic alkalosis
  • increase loss of bicarbonate can lead to metabolic acidosis
6
Q

Diuretic 4 tips

  • Strict ___? And Monitor ________daily(do daily _______ at the same time)
  • give diuretics in the _______ to avoid nocturia
  • Most diuretics will cause ________?
  • normal potassium level is ________?
A
  • Monitor weight(do daily weights at the same time)
  • Strick I and Os
  • give diuretics in the morning to avoid nocturia
  • Most diuretics will cause orthostatic hypertension
  • normal potassium level is 3.5-5
7
Q

What is the antidote for Acetaminophen?

A

N-acetylycysteine

8
Q

What is the antidote for insulin

A

Glucagon

9
Q

What is antidote for morphine (other narcotics)

A

Naloxone

Na-locks-zone

10
Q

What is the antidote for warfarin

A

Vitamin K

11
Q

What is an antidote for heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

12
Q

What is an antidote for high potassium

A

Insulin , kayexalate (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate)

13
Q

What is antidote for magnesium sulfate

A

Calcium Gluconate

14
Q

What is the antidote for a Aminoglycosides

A

Calcium gluconate

15
Q

What is the antidote for Penicillin

A

epinephrine

16
Q

Phenobarbital (barbiturate)

Pheno-bar-bital

_______ medication

It causes -_____ BP and ______?

What supplements maybe be needed?

A

Anticonvulsant medication

-decrease BP and ; respiration

May need a Vitamin D supplement

17
Q

phenytoin (Dilantin)

Fendi-tow-in

_________ medication

  • do not give with ______, do not take with ____( they will not work)
  • if you are give this medication and IV, you can only give with ____?
A

Anticonvulsant medication

  • do not give with food, do not take with oral birth control ( they will not work)
  • if you are give this medication and IV, you can only give with NS
18
Q

Depakene (valproic acid)

_________ medication

  • can cause ______?
  • Watch for_______?

May cause

A

Anticonvulsant medication

  • Hepatotoxic ( liver damage)
  • Watch for abdominal cramping

May cause suicidal thought

19
Q

diazepam (Valium)

_____ medication

  • this is a ______ medication they can also be used for seizures
  • this is the drug of choice for _________?
A

Anticonvulsant medication

  • this is a psych medication they can also be used for seizures
  • this is the drug of choice for status epilepticus
20
Q

Anti-convulsant 7 tips

In general all. anticonvulsant :

  • can become _______ in the body system
  • can elevate the blood glucose
  • cause ______?
  • should not be taken with an ___, this will ______ absorption

Do not give any of these medications before _______ therapy

  • May change that urine into a _______color, but it is not dangerous to the patient
  • will still allow the patient to have a _________ despite being on medication watch for them!!!
A

In general all. anticonvulsant :

  • can become toxic in the body system
  • can _______ the blood glucose
  • cause drowsiness
  • should not be taken with an antacid, this will decrease absorption
  • Do not give any of these medications before electroconvusive therapy
  • May change that urine into a light rust color, but it is not dangerous to the patient
  • will still allow the patient to have a seizure despite being on medication watch for them!!!
21
Q

Natural alternative 3 tips

All herbal medications that start with the letter ______and feverfew thin the blood, do not give with Warfarin , aspirin, heparin

All herbal medications are contraindicated during ?

herbal medication should be stopped ?

A

All herbal medications that start with the letter G and feverfew thin the blood, do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin,

All herbal medications are contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation

herbal medication should be stopped 2 weeks before surgery due to possible interaction with anesthesia

22
Q

Garlic

Action -______/_______?

Patient teaching–don’t take with _____ and _____?

1 clove=

A

Action -Lowers BP/cholesterol

Patient teaching–thin the blood, do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin

1 clove =4 grams of garlic

23
Q

Ginkgo biloba

Action-______

Patient teaching-
don’t take with __ and ___,

thins the blood,

Can interfere with?

A

Action-improves memory

Patient teaching-thins the blood,
don’t take with warfarin and aspirin,
Can Interfere with with seizure medications

24
Q

Ginger

Action -Relieve ____and ____

Dont take with _____ ______ or

Patient teaching-do not take if history of ___

A

Action -Relieve nausea and vomiting

thin the blood,

do not give with Coumadin, heparin,aspirin

Patient teaching-if history of DVT

25
Q

Ginseng

Don’t take with _
Increases _____
reduces ___?

Can cause _____?

Increase risk for ____?

A

Increases physical stamina reduces tinnitus/ringing in ears

Can cause hypertension when mixed with caffeine

Increase risk for bleeding

27
Q

St. John’s wort

Action-treat _____

Patient teaching-don’t take with __?

Can cause _____senitivity?

Decreases effect =

A

Action-treat depression/anxiety

Patient teaching-interacts with SSRI, Sun senitivity

Decreases effect =digoxin

28
Q

Echinacca

Action-________

Patient teaching-can cause_______in ______ patients,
not effective with _____?

A

Action-prevents cold and flu and has immune boosting function

Patient teaching-can cause liver toxicity in Renal patients,
not effective with HIV

29
Q

Black cohosh

Action-treat ________ symptoms

Patient teaching-contraindicated in ____, we will cause _____?

Can cause ____?

A

Action-treat menopausal symptoms

Patient teaching-contraindicated in pregnancy, we will cause premature labor

Can cause hot flashes

30
Q

Kava kava

Action-treats ________ and _______?

Can increase risk of ?

Can cause Severe?

Patient teaching-decrease _______meds

A

Action-treats insomnia, muscle pain

Can increase risk of suicide in patients with depression

Can cause Severe liver damage

decrease Parkson disease meds

30
Q

Saw Palmetto

Action________

Patient teaching-reduces absorption of ______
risk for false ______.

Will have a _____ effect

A

Action-you for prostate health

Patient teaching-reduces absorption of iron
risk for false positive prostate Specific antigen test.

Will have a diuretic effect

31
Q

Nolog ( insulin aspart)

____ acting insulin

Onset-Less than _____ minutes

Peak -____ hour

duration -___ hours

Given with meals

A

Rapid acting insulin

Onset-Less than 15 minutes

Peak -1 hour

duration -3 hours

Given with meals

32
Q

Humalog ( insulin lispro)

_____ acting insulin

Onset-Less than _____ minutes

Peak -____ hour

duration -___ hours

Given with meals

A

Rapid acting insulin

Onset-Less in 15 minutes

Peak -1hr

Duration-3hrs

33
Q

Novolin R (regular) insuslin

_____ acting insulin

What color is it____
Onset- ___hr

Peak- ____hrs

Duration- ____hrs

This is the only one that can be given

____

Clear before the cloudy ( regular insulin first )

A

Rapid Short acting insulin “clear”
Onset- 1hr

Peak- 2hrs

Duration- 4hrs

This is the only one that can be given IV

34
Q

NPH

_____ insulin “”

What color is it___?
Onset-___hrs

Peak- _hrs

duration-___hrs

Given ___a day

A

Intermediate insulin “cloudy”

Onset-4hrs

Peak- 8hrs

duration-12 hours

Given twice a day

35
Q

Glargine

____ acting insulin

Onset-____ absorption

____peak

Duration-___ hrs

given ___?

A

long acting insulin

Onset-slow absorption (1.5-2hrs)

No peak

Duration-24 hrs

Given the same time each day

36
Q

Glulisine

_____ acting insulin

Onset-Less than _____ minutes

Peak -____ hour

duration -___ hours

Given with means

A

Rapid acting insulin

Onset-Less than 15 minutes

Peak -1 hour

duration -3 hours

Given with meals

37
Q

What comes first regular or NPH

A

NPH insulin and regular insulin may be safely mixed and administered as a single injection. Regular insulin should be drawn into the syringe before intermediate-acting insulin to decrease the risk of cross-contaminating multidose vials

(mnemonic – RN: Regular comes before NPH).

38
Q

Pre mixed insulin is what ratio ?

Onset?

Peak ?

Duration?

A

70/30

Humulin 70/30

70% NPH/ 30 % is Regular

Onset? 30 minutes

Peak ? 2 hours

Duration? 16 hours

39
Q

You don’t give Glucophage before ?

Why

A

Do not give before or 48 hrs after an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) because both these meds combined can cause kidney damage

40
Q

Glipizide

When do you take it ?

What can it cause to drop?

Have what available?

This med can cause ?

A

Take in the morning.

May drop glucose levels quickly.

Have a snack available.

This medication can cause jaundice.

41
Q

Glyburide

When do you take it ?

What can it cause to drop?

Have what available?

This med can cause ?

A

Take in the morning.

May drop glucose levels quickly.

Have a snack available.

This medication can cause jaundice.

42
Q

Rosiglitazone

This med can cause ?

May decrease the effectiveness of ?

A

Can cause jaundice

May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

43
Q

Exenatide

What kind of med ?

May cause what ?

Not recommended due what clients?

A

*subcutaneous injectable medication

May cause GI distress

Not recommended for clients taking insulin

44
Q

3 medications Contraindicated to give with oral antidiabetic agents

A

COW

  1. ) Corticosteroids
  2. ) ORAL contraceptive
  3. ) Warfarin

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