Oral Com - 2nd Quarter

Question 1

is a plan of action or a technique that a communicator uses in order to help make the communication process successful.

Answer 1

Communication Strategy

Question 2

Types of Communicative Strategies

Answer 2

Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic control
Topic shifting
Repair
Termination

Question 3

Speaker carries to establish a topic collaboratively. Basically, when you use this strategy, you try to introduce a topic with the people you are talking to.

Answer 3

Nomination

Question 4

“Hey, how are you? I missed you!”

Answer 4

Nomination

Question 5

It refers to any limitation you may give or create as a speaker. In some cases of communication, there are instructions that must be followed. Those instructions confine you as a speaker and limit what you can say.

Answer 5

Restriction

Question 6

“Before we start our discussion, let me remind you again of our house rules.”

Answer 6

Restriction

Question 7

What are the 2 factors to consider for Nomination & Restriction?

Answer 7

Social relationship
Environment

Question 8

determine the specific role of the participants whether they can nominate or restrict other speakers from joining the conversation.

Answer 8

Social Relationship

Question 9

Refer to those who are assigned to control the flow of the conversation.

Answer 9

Higher authorities

Question 10

Refer to the participants who start as listeners and are then nominated to be speakers when called on by the higher authorities.

Answer 10

Lower authorities

Question 11

Refers to the setting of the conversation. It also determines the roles of the speakers.

Answer 11

Environment

Question 12

Tutorials, interviews

Answer 12

One-on-one communication

Question 13

Panel discussion, forum, debates

Answer 13

Group communication

Question 14

1) ___ Refers to the opportunity given to a speaker to talk, whereas 2) ___ is a process in which a participants stops speaking and yields the floor to another participant so he or she can speak.

Answer 14

Turn, Turn-Taking

Question 15

What are the are three turn-taking acts?

Answer 15

Keep-turn
Release-turn
Take-turn

Question 16

suggests that a speaker must not stop until he fulfills his purpose in a conversation.

Answer 16

Keep-turn

Question 17

suggests that a speaker is finished talking and is ready to yield the floor to another person to take his or her turn. He or she may use signals or pauses in a conversation.

Answer 17

Release-turn

Question 18

Signals & cues indicate that a speaker wants to keep, yield, or take his or her turn:

Answer 18

a. Intonation
b. Verbal cues
c. Nonverbal cues or gestures

Question 19

may signal when a speaker intends to keep or yield his or her turn. Falling intonation indicates that a speaker is about to end his or her turn, while rising intonation implies that a speaker is about to reach the climax of his or her point, asking the participants for clarification & confirmation, or sometimes to express disbelief.

Answer 19

Intonation

Question 20

___ ___ indicates that a speaker is about to end his or her turn, while ___ ___ implies that a speaker is about to reach the climax of his or her point, asking the participants for clarification & confirmation, or sometimes to express disbelief.

Answer 20

Falling intonation, rising intonation

Question 21

may suggest that a speaker wants to yield or to keep his or her turn. For example, calling the participants; names indicate that a speaker is letting them take their turn. Meanwhile, using sentence connectors such as additionally, on the contrary, furthermore, consequently, or likewise suggests the speaker has something more to say.

Answer 21

Verbal cues

Question 22

such as raising one’s hand, show that a participant wants to take the floor or speak. Also, when a speaker, points to or fixes his or her gaze on a participant, it may mean that he or she wants that participant to speak.

Answer 22

Nonverbal cues or gestures

Question 23

Involves moving from one topic to another, where one part of a conversation ends and where the other begins.

Answer 23

Topic Shifting

Question 24

“Anyway, have you heard the news last night?”

Answer 24

Topic Shifting

Question 25

Two ways how to shift:

Answer 25

1. Speaking topically 2. Speaking on the topic

Question 26

occurs when the listener concentrates on some phrases from the last statement mentioned by the speaker.

Answer 26

Speaking topically

Question 27

occurs when the listener concentrates on a word, but the newly introduced idea may not be related to the context of the topic.

Answer 27

Speaking on the topic

Question 28

Takes how the procedure of formality or informality affects the progress of topic in conversation.

Answer 28

Topic control

Question 29

“Well, just go on.”

Answer 29

Topic control

Question 30

Refers to how speaker **address the problems** in listening, and comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation.

Answer 30

Repair

Question 31

“I’m sorry for what I’ve done, how can I make it up for you?”

Answer 31

Repair

Question 32

Refers to the conversation participants’ **close initiating** expressions that **end a topic** in a conversation.

Answer 32

Termination

Question 33

“Well then, I think we’re good. See you!”

Answer 33

Termination

Question 34

Common violation in conversation

Answer 34

• Grabbing the floor or interruption • Overlapping • Hogging • Being silent or dead air

Question 35

is similar with grabbing the floor. However, instead of a participant giving up his or her turn to another, both of them are talking at the same time.

Answer 35

Overlapping

Question 36

also called interruption, is committed when a speaker is not able to fulfill his or her purpose because a participant takes over the role of being a speaker, without allowing him or her to finish his or her turn first.

Answer 36

Grabbing the floor

Question 37

(Monopolizing, keeping) the floor occurs when a speaker ignores others who try to join or take over the discussion.

Answer 37

Hogging

Question 38

or dead air, happens when no one wants to speak or take the floor.

Answer 38

Being silent

Question 39

Here are some guidelines on how to repair or terminate:

Answer 39

• Recognizing the violation • Shifting back to the main topic • Asking leading questions • Taking a break, shifting to a new topic, or rescheduling a conversation

Question 40

Suggests that another participant can take the role of the speaker

Answer 40

Take-turn

Question 41

The ____ is the **subject matter** that will be discussed in the speech.

Answer 41

Topic

Question 42

*When choosing a topic, you should consider the following:*

Answer 42

* Choose a topic based on your area(s) of expertise * Consider the needs and interests of the audience * Know the purpose of the event

Question 43

It is imperative that you speak about a topic that you are **knowledgeable or are an expert in**. This way, you can establish credibility and be able to deliver the speech better

Answer 43

Choose a topic based on your area(s) of expertise

Question 44

Choose a topic that is relevant to the event's purpose.

Answer 44

Know the purpose of the event

Question 45

The ____ is the target listeners,

Answer 45

audience

Question 46

*The audience is the target listeners, and in writing your speech, you should consider the following:*

Answer 46

* Age * Educational & Professional Backgrounds * Ethnicity

Question 47

*Information can be obtained from various sources. These sources include the following:*

Answer 47

Sources of Information * Books * Magazines * Journals * Newspapers * Encyclopedias * Web or Internet * Interviews

Question 48

They present **comprehensive information** about a particular topic or several topics regarding a broad subject.

Answer 48

Books

Question 49

Published periodically, these contain up-to-date information and are usually about current events or topics of **popular interest**.

Answer 49

Magazines

Question 50

These contain a collection of articles regarding a **specific** subject, profession, or discipline.

Answer 50

Journals

Question 51

These contain **daily (or weekly) information** regarding local, national, or international events or issues.

Answer 51

Newspapers

Question 52

These are a set of books arranged **alphabetically** and contain general information about numerous subjects or topics.

Answer 52

Encyclopedias

Question 53

This provides access to various types of information available **online** such as videos, blog posts, documents, and databases.

Answer 53

Web or Internet

Question 54

These pertain to **meetings** between two or more people that aim to obtain In-depth information about a certain topic.

Answer 54

Interviews

Question 55

*Characteristics of Good Information:*

Answer 55

* Current * Credible * Objective * Accurate

Question 56

The information you use should be **up to date**. If you are going to cite statistics, for example, you should ensure that you obtain the latest figures available.

Answer 56

Current

Question 57

Consider only the Information that comes from **reliable sources**. ____ sources are those that have undergone a review and evaluation process before they are published or those that are won by experts in their fields of study.

Answer 57

Credible

Question 58

Make sure that the information you include is **unbiased** and offers a balanced view of all sides.

Answer 58

Objective

Question 59

Good information is **factual and verifiable**. Make sure the information you use is detailed and exact and does not contain vague generalizations.

Answer 59

Accurate

Question 60

*Tips on Obtaining Information from Sources:*

Answer 60

* Start with sources that you know are reputable * Read the Information about the author or publisher * Check whether the information is current * Identify the purpose of the website

Question 61

The ____ is the backbone or framework of a speech.

Answer 61

outline

Question 62

*Three parts of a basic speech outline:*

Answer 62

* Introduction * Body * Conclusion

Question 63

The ____ is the foundation of your speech.

Answer 63

Introduction

Question 64

Usually composed of just one paragraph, this part **begins** the speech.

Answer 64

Introduction

Question 65

*Parts of the introduction:*

Answer 65

* Hook * Thesis statement * Purpose * Overview of the main points

Question 66

This is a statement that is meant to **grab the audience's attention**.

Answer 66

Hook

Question 67

It intrigues and motivates the audience to keep on listening to speech.

Answer 67

Hook

Question 68

*Techniques that may be used to create the hook:*

Answer 68

* Telling an anecdote * Citing a quotation * Asking rhetorical or thought-provoking questions * Sharing some background information * Giving a riddle or puzzle

Question 69

This states the main idea of the speech.

Answer 69

Thesis statement

Question 70

This states what the speech aims to achieve.

Answer 70

Purpose

Question 71

Explains how the audience can benefit from listening to the speech.

Answer 71

Purpose

Question 72

This gives the audience an idea of the main points that will be discussed.

Answer 72

Overview of the main points

Question 73

The ____ of the speech develops, explains, & supports the thesis statement using details, evidence *(e.g., testimony, statistices, & examples)*

Answer 73

Body

Question 74

Usually, the ____ is made up of three paragraphs, with each one having a topic sentence and several supporting sentences.

Answer 74

Body

Question 75

Are used for linking one paragraph to the next.

Answer 75

Transition words

Question 76

These ensure that ideas between paragraphs flow smoothly.

Answer 76

Transition words

Question 77

*To add an idea:*

Answer 77

*moreover, also, furthermore, in addition*

Question 78

*To show similarity:*

Answer 78

*likewise, in the same way, similarly, in like manner*

Question 79

*To contrast:*

Answer 79

*however, on the other hand, but, on the contrary*

Question 80

*To illustrate:*

Answer 80

*for instance, notably, for example, specifically*

Question 81

*To emphasize:*

Answer 81

more importantly, indeed, in fact, above all

Question 82

**Reiterates the thesis statement** and **gives a summary of the main points** that were discussed in the body of the speech.

Answer 82

Conclusion

Question 83

It **closes** with a final, memorable statement such as a quote, advice, or call to action that helps the audience remember the speech.

Answer 83

Conclusion

Question 84

*Tips on Word Choice:*

Answer 84

* Choose words that are appropriate for your audience. * Use words that clearly convey your meaning. * While writing, keep in mind that your speech is going to be spoken out loud. * Avoid words that convey prejudice. * Be consistent.

Question 85

*Tips on Grammatical Correctness:*

Answer 85

* Use the present tense. * Use the active voice. * Avoid run-ons and fragments.

Question 86

The creation of a speech does not stop if the original writing is done. After writing, you still need to ____ so that you can correct errors and improve your speech. This is important since ____ can transform a ____ speech into an ____ and ____ one.

Answer 86

edit editing dull engaging effective

Question 87

____ ____, an award-winning speechwriter, wrote in his book The Lost Art of the Great Speech: How to Write One, How to Deliver It

Answer 87

Richard Dowis

Question 88

The Lost Art of the Great Speech: How to Write One, How to Deliver It the six steps to follow when editing a speech. These steps are the following: | (6)

Answer 88

Let it rest. Edit for content. Edit for organization. Edit for style. Edit for language. Edit for grammar.

Question 89

If you have enough time, put your speech away first before editing it.

Answer 89

Let it rest.

Question 90

Check the content of your speech to make sure that it is appropriate.

Answer 90

Edit for content

Question 91

Make sure that the speech is coherent. The ideas should be connected and make the speech a unified piece rather than a mere compilation of information and ideas.

Answer 91

Edit for organization

Question 92

When ____ ____ ____, keep in mind that short sentences are more straightforward and are also usually more dramatic. Check your speech, too, for words or word combinations that you might struggle with.

Answer 92

Editing for style

Question 93

Consider whether the language approximates natural speech. Look out for the use of too many long words, long sentences, and jargon. Check to see if any of the words are misused. Most importantly, edit out words that may be offensive to the audience, such as profanity or obscenity.

Answer 93

Edit for language

Question 94

Although a speech with perfect grammar is not necessarily an excellent speech, having too many grammar errors in the speech can damage the credibility of the information provided therein as well as the credibility of the speaker. Keep in mind, though, that in speeches, sounding natural is more important than strictly following the rules.

Answer 94

Edit for grammar

Question 95

________ is the shaping of speech sounds (consonants and vowels) by the tongue, lips, palate, jaw, and teeth, which are called ________.

Answer 95

Articulation articulators

Question 96

Saying ____ ____ is a good way to practice your articulation.

Answer 96

tongue twisters

Question 97

Voice ________, on the other hand, refers to varying the voice in terms of ____, ____, and ____, which makes a speech more pleasing to the ear and allows a speaker to convey the right emotions.

Answer 97

modulation pitch power pace

Question 98

Refers to the highness or lowness of a voice.

Answer 98

Pitch

Question 99

Is the vocal energy or intensity exerted by a speaker.

Answer 99

Power

Question 100

____ also called ____, is the speed of a speaker's utterance.

Answer 100

Pace rate

Question 101

In public speaking, actions are as important as spoken words. The coordination of verbal and nonverbal messages is essential to successfully deliver the message of the speech.

Answer 101

Stage Presence

Question 102

Reveal the speaker’s emotions and signal to the audience the interpretation of the given message.

Answer 102

Facial expressions

Question 103

Are purposeful movements of the head, arms, hands, and other parts of the body.

Answer 103

Gestures

Question 104

Or the act of moving from one spot to another during delivery, can signal a transition from one idea to the next.

Answer 104

Movements

Question 105

Means establishing a relationship with the audience by engaging them and connecting with them.

Answer 105

Building Rapport

Question 106

*Some ways you can do to establish rapport with the audience:*

Answer 106

* Maintain eye contact. * Speak naturally. * Relate with the audience.

Question 107

Involves taking into account the various principles of speech delivery.

Answer 107

Delivering a Speech