Philo - 2nd Quarter

Question 1

Is the study of ethical behavior and is the branch of philosophical ethics that investigates the questions that arise regarding how one ought to act in a moral state.

Answer 1

Normative Ethics

Question 2

Is the study of moral thought and moral language. Rather than addressing questions about what practices are right and wrong and what are obligations to other people or future generations.

Answer 2

Meta Ethics

Question 3

Well-known anthropologist in his article entitled Folkways our notion of what is ‘right’ stems from man’s basic instinct is to survive.

Answer 3

William Sumner

Question 4

The traditional behavior or way of life of a particular community or group of people.

Answer 4

Folkways

Question 5

Considered right and good by most people: agreeing with a standard of right behavior.

Answer 5

Morals

Question 6

existentialist philosopher assumes the idea of radical freedom, by claiming that man is condemned to be free.

Answer 6

Jean-Paul Sartre

Question 7

Author of the book Ethics: Modern conception of the Principle of Right (1955), there are two necessary conditions for morality to occur: Freedom and Obligation

Answer 7

John Mothershead

Question 8

Is assumed when one is making his choices and is the agent that is taking full responsibility in planning his life, and in one process, planning and budgeting his actions for some future outlook or goals.

Answer 8

Freedom

Question 9

An act or course of action to which a person is morally or legally bound a duty or commitment.

Answer 9

Obligation

Question 10

Define:

Eager

Answer 10

enthusiastic, desirous, keen

Question 11

Define:

Earmark

Answer 11

to set aside for a specific use

Question 12

Define:

Earnest

Answer 12

sincere

Question 13

Define:

Earthenware

Answer 13

pottery made from baked clay

Question 14

Define:

Ebb

Answer 14

the flowing away of tidewater to the ocean, decline

Question 15

Define:

Eccentric

Answer 15

unconventional, odd

Question 16

Define:

Eerie

Answer 16

causing fear, weird

Question 17

Define:

Elate

Answer 17

to fill with happiness or pride

Question 18

Define:

Eloquent

Answer 18

able to talk and express oneself well

Question 19

Define:

Elude

Answer 19

to avoid stealthily

Question 20

John Mothershead is the author of the book?

Answer 20

Ethics: Modern Conception of the Principle of Right (1955)

Question 21

What are the two necessary conditions for morality to occur?

Answer 21

Freedom
Obligation

Question 22

Who said that conduct refers to deliberate human action

Answer 22

Mothershead

Question 23

A way of behaving, thinking, or feeling that is not learned

Answer 23

Instinct

Question 24

Are basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or actions. They help us to determine what is important to us.

Answer 24

Values

Question 25

Concern themselves with right and wrong. Also define what is socially acceptable, good or evil.

Answer 25

Moral Values

Question 26

Ideas that society considers important. They are at play when person interacts with the wide world or has to make a decision that will have a consequence on others.

Answer 26

Moral Values

Question 27

An action is **considered morally good** because of some **characteristics of the action itself** not because the product of an action is good.

Answer 27

Deontological Ethics

Question 28

Said that deontological ethics presumes that actions are thought to have intrinsic value in their own right.

Answer 28

Dupre

Question 29

Teleological from Greek *telos*, ___ and logos, ___

Answer 29

End, Science Teleological Ethics

Question 30

Theory of morality that derives duty or moral obligation from what is good or desirable as an end to be achieved.

Answer 30

Teleological Ethics

Question 31

English philosopher, child genius, contributed the theory *Utilitarianism*

Answer 31

John Stuart Mill

Question 32

A theory of morality, which advocates actions that foster happiness or pleasure and opposes actions that cause unhappiness or harm.

Answer 32

Utilitarianism

Question 33

Assumed that pleasure is quantifiable.

Answer 33

Jeremy Bentham

Question 34

It is the **discipline in philosophy** that studies the moral relationship of human beings to and also the value and moral status of, the **environment and its non-human contents.**

Answer 34

Environmental Ethics

Question 35

American conservationist and forester. published an article entitled A sand Country almanac

Answer 35

Aldo Leopoldo

Question 36

Emphasized the importance of the adoption of a land ethic giving importance to land as an entity that should be given due respect and love.

Answer 36

Aldo Leopoldo

Question 37

Author of the article entitled Environmental Problems and Future Generations

Answer 37

Bryan Norton

Question 38

It dealt with wisely using our resources together with the protection of natural monuments or protected areas

Answer 38

First Generation Environmental Problems

Question 39

It dealt with the destruction of natural environments and pollution.

Answer 39

Second Generation Problems

Question 40

It is trying to deal with the possibility of cataclysms or catastrophes brought by ozone depletion, acid rain and green house effect.

Answer 40

Third Present Generations of Environmental Problems

Question 41

Author of a book entitled Ethics: Theory and Contemporary Issues (1995)

Answer 41

Barbara Mckinnon

Question 42

claims that a human centered anthropocentric perspective would have to support broad environmentalism for it to be viable.

Answer 42

Barbara Mckinnon

Question 43

Australian philosopher who wrote an article entitled Animal Liberation

Answer 43

Peter Singer

Question 44

Said that the realm of being morally considerable must be extended to higher forms of animals or intelligent animals like dogs, chimpanzees who are sentient and therefore, have the capacity to feel pain and thus suffering.

Answer 44

Peter Singer

Question 45

Proponent of animal rights who wrote an article entitled The Case for Animal Rights, proposed that animal rights should be accorded to higher forms of animals, especially mammals.

Answer 45

Tom Regan

Question 46

It is the view that not only humans and animals but also plants should be morally considerable.

Answer 46

Biocentrism

Question 47

In his article The Ethics of Respect for Nature, all living things should be considered as teleological centers of life.

Answer 47

Paul Taylor

Question 48

Ethicist, in his article entitled On Being Morally Considerable, proposes that being sentient is just a means of attaining a living organism goal which is being alive or having life.

Answer 48

Kenneth Goodpaster

Question 49

Regards ecosystem as holistic entities that should be given moral consideration

Answer 49

Ecocentrism

Question 50

In his article entitled The Conceptual Foundations of the land Ethic, proposed that the land ethic morality is the next stage of mans ethical evolutionary development

Answer 50

Callicott

Question 51

In his article entitled Challenges in Environmental ethics, has emphasized the need for an ecological conscience for environmental ethics to take a foothold

Answer 51

Rolston

Question 52

An environmental movement and philosophy which regards human life as just one of many equal components of a global ecosystem.

Answer 52

Deep Ecology

Question 53

It is a movement which simply promotes conservations strategies against pollution and depletion of resources.

Answer 53

Shallow Ecology

Question 54

Believed that human beings should look at the self as an extension of nature, where the human ego would be identified with nature.

Answer 54

Arne Naess

Question 55

Said that the poor are not at all concerned with intrinsic value of nature and its species or the quality of life: survival is their main concern.

Answer 55

Ramachandra Guha

Question 56

The study of relationships between people and their environment, often the interdependece of people, collective and institutions. Social ecology (Book chin), a theory about the relationship between ecological and social issues, associated with Murray Book chin.

Answer 56

Social Ecology

Question 57

Believes that **ecological problems could be traced to social problems,** which he claims are the sources of the growing environmental crisis.

Answer 57

Bookchin

Question 58

It is a term that links feminism with ecology. Its advocates say that paternalistic society has led to a harmful split between nature and culture.

Answer 58

Ecofeminism

Question 59

Is the **change of weather** that can last for an extended period of time or may be permanent. It is when the normal, or average, weather for a certain country gives fauna and flora a hard time to adapt its to sudden change.

Answer 59

Climate Change

Question 60

Are any kind of species that are at **risk of becoming extinct**.

Answer 60

Endangered Species

Question 61

Is the **lack of sufficient available water** resources to meet the demands of water usage within a region.

Answer 61

Water Scarcity

Question 62

a **non profit organization on sustainability** leadership stated that the rising global population combined with economic growth in emerging markets will trigger a growing demand for potable water and food.

Answer 62

Ceres

Question 63

Is the development that **meets the needs of the present** without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Answer 63

Sustainable Development

Question 64

In his article entitled **Ecology and Morality** wrote about human obligations to ecosystems.

Answer 64

Peter Wenz

Question 65

Claims that a positive duty is a **duty to protect the environment** from any and every threat, or a **duty to bring aid**.

Answer 65

Wenz/Peter Wenz

Question 66

The **duty to protect the environment** from oneself on the other hand, rests on a principle concerning the duty to do no harm which is a negative duty.

Answer 66

Wenz/Peter Wenz

Question 67

**Former US vice president** in an article entitled Global Marshall plan (1990) envisions the attainment of sustainable development by making wealthy nations with advanced economies help third world nations by bringing and sharing their advanced green technologies.

Answer 67

Albert Gore

Question 68

French existentialist, considers two ways of reflection, which he calls primary and secondary reflections.

Answer 68

Gabriel Marcel

Question 69

Occurs when we inquire about things in a distant and objective manner

Answer 69

Primary Reflection

Question 70

Is best understood as an act of critical reflection on primary reflection, and as a process of recovery of the “mysteries of being.” cannot occur without involving the inquirer into his inquiry.

Answer 70

Secondary Reflection

Question 71

Stated that having a body implies ownership.

Answer 71

Gabriel Marcel

Question 71

Refers to the things in our lives that are already given. Example : family

Answer 71

Facticity

Question 71

German philosopher calls human beings dasein, a German word which literally means being there.

Answer 71

Martin Heidegger

Question 72

Is used in data analysis when data is collected across both space and time. It describes a phenomenon in a certain location and time — for example, shipping movements across a geographic area over time

Answer 72

Spatial Temporal Being

Question 73

Having a body which links us to world appears to be a source of limitation because we can never directly and fully experience the world.

Answer 73

Body as Intermediary