Philo1- 1st Quarter Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
study of fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence especially when considered as an academic discipline
A
Philosophy
2
Q
considered as a meta discipline that transcends and crosses over different areas and disciplines
A
Philosophy
3
Q
a fishing village and center of trade and commerce in Ancient Greece
A
Miletus
4
Q
_______ is the ideal place for the practice of philosophy to emerge, according to ____
A
Miletus
Curd
5
Q
Who are the Triumvirate of The Three Milesians?
A
Thales
Anaximander
Anaximenes
6
Q
business man, astronomer
brought geometry to Ancient Greece
A
Thales
7
Q
prose writer, suggested appeiron
first philosopher to draw a map
A
Anaximander
8
Q
student of Anaximander
gave definite shape of the Earth
concluded that the fundamental substance must be air
A
Anaximenes
9
Q
Who are the 11 philosophers?
A
Thales
Anaximander
Anaximenes
Maximus
Pythagoras
Heraclitus
Parmenides
Empedocles
Anaxagoras
Zeno
Leucippus and Democritus
10
Q
gave his observation and reasoning to natural phenomenon
A
Maximus
11
Q
leader of religious cult “Pythagoreans”
A
Pythagoras
12
Q
considered philosophy and mathematics as good purification of soul
A
Pythagoras
13
Q
created odd, even, infinite, and finite
A
Pythagoras
14
Q
known for mystical nature of his philosophy
A
Heraclitus
15
Q
believes the only permanent is CHANGE
A
Heraclitus
16
Q
known as leader of eleatic school
A
Parmenides
17
Q
proposed that the only permanent is BEING
A
Parmenides
18
Q
believed he is immortal and has magical powers
A
Empedocles
19
Q
thinks reality is made up of earth, air, fire, and water
A
Empedocles
20
Q
believed there is not just one element that reality is made of
A
Anaxagoras
21
Q
contributed the idea about the nous or the mind
A
Anaxagoras
22
Q
strengthen the point that we’re all interconnected as being
A
Zeno
23
Q
contributed the idea that the ultimate substance that reality is made of are ATOMS
A
Leucippus and Democritus
24
Q
Approaches in Doing Philosophy: (4)
A
Analytic Philosophy
Speculative Philosophy
Reductionist Philosophy
Holistic Philosophy
25
a method of approaching philosophical problems through analysis of the terms in which they are expressed, associated with Anglo-American philosophy of the early 20th century
Analytic Philosophy
26
generally understood as a systematic and comprehensive account of human existence and the universe that encompasses both the natural sciences of the organic and non-organic world as well as the human sciences of cognition, social life, and the domains of art, religion, and philosophy
Speculative Philosophy
27
is an approach that is used in many disciplines, including psychology that is centered on the belief that we can best explain something by breaking it down into its individual parts
Reductionist Philosophy
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is any kind of doctrine that gives priority to the whole over its parts
Holistic Philosophy
29
Types of Holistic Philosophy: (2)
Epistemological Holism
Semantic Holism
30
this type of holism claims a scientific theory cannot be tested individually, since testing a single theory would always depend on other established theories
Epistemological Holism
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it is a doctrine in the philosophy of language, which suggests that a certain part of language, a term or a complete sentence, can only be understood through its relations to a larger segment of language or possibly the entire language.
Semantic Holism
32
Epistemological Holism is also called
Confirmation Holism
33
backwards
aback
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shy and embarrassed
abashed
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slaughter-house
abattoir
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nun who is in charge of a convent
abess
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building occupied by monks or nuns
abbey
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the head of an abbey of monks
abbot
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to resign from power
abdicate
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to detest, to despise
abhor
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sad, miserable
abject
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burning of fire
ablaze
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to talk incoherently
babble
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unmarried man
bachelor
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any of a genus rod-shaped bacteria
bacillus
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a painted cloth or curtain at the back of a stage
backdrop
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to have the opposite effect from what is intended
backfire
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a board game for two played with dice
backgammon
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to pester or annoy persistently
badger
50
to puzzle, to perplex
baffle
51
hanging loosely in folds
baggy
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money as security that a prisoner, if released will return to court to stand trial
bail
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explains that knowledge is wisdom and virtue is knowledge
Platonic Philosophy
54
his philosophical views lead towards the establishment of the first ever institution for higher education called the academy
Plato
55
assumed that there is another world in another dimension and called this world of forms and ideas.
Plato
56
the person who assumed that before we were born, our souls were once part of the World Soul
Plato
57
before we were born, our souls were once part of the _____ ____
World Soul
58
Plato's Divided Line
1. The sensible world is known through the use of our senses paving the basis for opinion.
2. While the intelligible world is known through the use of the intellect paving the basis for knowledge.
59
It is known through the use of our senses paving the basis for opinion
Sensible World
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It is known through the use of the intellect paving the basis for knowledge.
Intelligible World
61
The highest kind of knowledge or knowledge of the eternal forms or ideas.
Noesis
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Lower type of knowledge associated with mathematical, abstract or scientific understanding, relies on some assumptions, hypothesis, and imagery from the physical and sensible world.
Dianoia
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It is a dialogue between teacher and students instigated by the continual probing questions of the teacher, in a concerted effort to explore the underlying beliefs that shape the students.
Socratic Method
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Known to be first professional teachers who exacted money for their services.
Sophists
65
Are also called wise ones.
Sophists
66
A way of searching for certainty by systematically through tentatively doubting everything
Method of Systematic Doubt
67
Three stages in the apprehension of a concept before knowledge becomes possible
1. Perception
2. Abstraction
3. Judgement
68
is more on our ability to understand our surroundings using our senses. We gather or select information from our surrounding using our senses & these information will be analyzed, interpreted & organized by our brain.
Perception
69
Two Types of Perception
1. External Perception
2. Internal Perception
70
happens when we perceive things using our five senses. The result of the process of external perception is called percept. Consequently, once you use any and all of your five sense to perceive the world, you have these percepts.
External Perception
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happens when you use your imagination & memory to recreate the percept into an image or phantasm, which is the product of this process
Internal Perception
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the act of obtaining or removing something from a source
Abstraction
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the act or process of forming an opinion or making a decision after careful thought. The act of judging something or someone: the ability to make good decision, about what should be done.
Judgement
74
Types of Statements:
1. Analytic Statement
2. Empirical Statement
75
are true by definition, & are generally self-explanatory.
Examples:
Frozen water is ice.
Bachelor are unmarried men.
Analytic Statement
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are different from analytic statements because their truth or falsity depend on the state of affairs being claimed.
Empirical Statement
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Types of Knowledge:
1. Formal Knowledge
2. Empirical Knowledge
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correspond to knowledge in the formal sciences whose main concern is the validation of their knowledge claims within the formed system in their respective disciplines.
Formal Knowledge
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give emphasis on the criterion of verification
Empirical Knowledge
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Theories of Truth:
1. Coherence Theory
2. Correspondence Theory
3. Pragmatic Theory
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states that the truth of any (true) proposition consists in its coherence with some specified set of propositions. It simply refers to the bearers of truth values.
Coherence Theory
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states that the truth or falsity of a statement is determined only by how it relates to the world & whether it accurately describes.
Correspondence Theory
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dealing with things sensible & realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations.
Pragmatic Theory
84
Loud sound of a hen or a goose; a loud, harsh sounding laugh
Cackle
85
where computers are used to help draw plans for things
CAD (Computer Aided Design)
86
A person who carries a golfer’s clubs
Caddy
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The rise and fall of the voice in speaking
Cadence
88
To persuade, to soothe by flattery
Cajole
89
Young cow, seal or elephant.
The back part of the leg below the knee
Calf
90
Cruel
Callous
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Frank, outspoken, informal
Candid
92
Tent-like covering over a bed or throne
Canopy
93
To ask for votes, opinions or orders
Canvass
94
To touch lightly with something moist or soft
Dab
95
Small and pretty delicate
Dainty
96
To waste time
Dally
97
A title given to a woman who has done something remarkable
Dame
98
Humidity, Moisture
Damp
99
To hang loosely
Dangle
100
Spirited, stylish
Dashing
101
To dishearten or intimidate
Daunt
102
To move slowly and waste time
Dawdle
103
To be partially blinded by strong light, to over whelm with brilliance
Daze
