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11-JOEL > Philo1- 1st Quarter > Flashcards

Philo1- 1st Quarter Flashcards

1
Q

study of fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence especially when considered as an academic discipline

A

Philosophy

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2
Q

considered as a meta discipline that transcends and crosses over different areas and disciplines

A

Philosophy

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3
Q

a fishing village and center of trade and commerce in Ancient Greece

A

Miletus

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4
Q

_______ is the ideal place for the practice of philosophy to emerge, according to ____

A

Miletus
Curd

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5
Q

Who are the Triumvirate of The Three Milesians?

A

Thales
Anaximander
Anaximenes

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6
Q

business man, astronomer
brought geometry to Ancient Greece

A

Thales

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7
Q

prose writer, suggested appeiron
first philosopher to draw a map

A

Anaximander

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8
Q

student of Anaximander
gave definite shape of the Earth
concluded that the fundamental substance must be air

A

Anaximenes

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9
Q

Who are the 11 philosophers?

A

Thales
Anaximander
Anaximenes
Maximus
Pythagoras
Heraclitus
Parmenides
Empedocles
Anaxagoras
Zeno
Leucippus and Democritus

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10
Q

gave his observation and reasoning to natural phenomenon

A

Maximus

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11
Q

leader of religious cult “Pythagoreans”

A

Pythagoras

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12
Q

considered philosophy and mathematics as good purification of soul

A

Pythagoras

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13
Q

created odd, even, infinite, and finite

A

Pythagoras

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14
Q

known for mystical nature of his philosophy

A

Heraclitus

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15
Q

believes the only permanent is CHANGE

A

Heraclitus

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16
Q

known as leader of eleatic school

A

Parmenides

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17
Q

proposed that the only permanent is BEING

A

Parmenides

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18
Q

believed he is immortal and has magical powers

A

Empedocles

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19
Q

thinks reality is made up of earth, air, fire, and water

A

Empedocles

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20
Q

believed there is not just one element that reality is made of

A

Anaxagoras

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21
Q

contributed the idea about the nous or the mind

A

Anaxagoras

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22
Q

strengthen the point that we’re all interconnected as being

A

Zeno

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23
Q

contributed the idea that the ultimate substance that reality is made of are ATOMS

A

Leucippus and Democritus

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24
Q

Approaches in Doing Philosophy: (4)

A

Analytic Philosophy
Speculative Philosophy
Reductionist Philosophy
Holistic Philosophy

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25
Q

a method of approaching philosophical problems through analysis of the terms in which they are expressed, associated with Anglo-American philosophy of the early 20th century

A

Analytic Philosophy

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26
Q

generally understood as a systematic and comprehensive account of human existence and the universe that encompasses both the natural sciences of the organic and non-organic world as well as the human sciences of cognition, social life, and the domains of art, religion, and philosophy

A

Speculative Philosophy

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27
Q

is an approach that is used in many disciplines, including psychology that is centered on the belief that we can best explain something by breaking it down into its individual parts

A

Reductionist Philosophy

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28
Q

is any kind of doctrine that gives priority to the whole over its parts

A

Holistic Philosophy

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29
Q

Types of Holistic Philosophy: (2)

A

Epistemological Holism
Semantic Holism

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30
Q

this type of holism claims a scientific theory cannot be tested individually, since testing a single theory would always depend on other established theories

A

Epistemological Holism

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31
Q

it is a doctrine in the philosophy of language, which suggests that a certain part of language, a term or a complete sentence, can only be understood through its relations to a larger segment of language or possibly the entire language.

A

Semantic Holism

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32
Q

Epistemological Holism is also called

A

Confirmation Holism

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33
Q

backwards

A

aback

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34
Q

shy and embarrassed

A

abashed

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35
Q

slaughter-house

A

abattoir

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36
Q

nun who is in charge of a convent

A

abess

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37
Q

building occupied by monks or nuns

A

abbey

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38
Q

the head of an abbey of monks

A

abbot

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39
Q

to resign from power

A

abdicate

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40
Q

to detest, to despise

A

abhor

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41
Q

sad, miserable

A

abject

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42
Q

burning of fire

A

ablaze

43
Q

to talk incoherently

A

babble

44
Q

unmarried man

A

bachelor

45
Q

any of a genus rod-shaped bacteria

A

bacillus

46
Q

a painted cloth or curtain at the back of a stage

A

backdrop

47
Q

to have the opposite effect from what is intended

A

backfire

48
Q

a board game for two played with dice

A

backgammon

49
Q

to pester or annoy persistently

A

badger

50
Q

to puzzle, to perplex

A

baffle

51
Q

hanging loosely in folds

A

baggy

52
Q

money as security that a prisoner, if released will return to court to stand trial

A

bail

53
Q

explains that knowledge is wisdom and virtue is knowledge

A

Platonic Philosophy

54
Q

his philosophical views lead towards the establishment of the first ever institution for higher education called the academy

A

Plato

55
Q

assumed that there is another world in another dimension and called this world of forms and ideas.

A

Plato

56
Q

the person who assumed that before we were born, our souls were once part of the World Soul

A

Plato

57
Q

before we were born, our souls were once part of the _____ ____

A

World Soul

58
Q

Plato’s Divided Line

A
  1. The sensible world is known through the use of our senses paving the basis for opinion.
  2. While the intelligible world is known through the use of the intellect paving the basis for knowledge.
59
Q

It is known through the use of our senses paving the basis for opinion

A

Sensible World

60
Q

It is known through the use of the intellect paving the basis for knowledge.

A

Intelligible World

61
Q

The highest kind of knowledge or knowledge of the eternal forms or ideas.

A

Noesis

62
Q

Lower type of knowledge associated with mathematical, abstract or scientific understanding, relies on some assumptions, hypothesis, and imagery from the physical and sensible world.

A

Dianoia

63
Q

It is a dialogue between teacher and students instigated by the continual probing questions of the teacher, in a concerted effort to explore the underlying beliefs that shape the students.

A

Socratic Method

64
Q

Known to be first professional teachers who exacted money for their services.

A

Sophists

65
Q

Are also called wise ones.

A

Sophists

66
Q

A way of searching for certainty by systematically through tentatively doubting everything

A

Method of Systematic Doubt

67
Q

Three stages in the apprehension of a concept before knowledge becomes possible

A
  1. Perception
  2. Abstraction
  3. Judgement
68
Q

is more on our ability to understand our surroundings using our senses. We gather or select information from our surrounding using our senses & these information will be analyzed, interpreted & organized by our brain.

A

Perception

69
Q

Two Types of Perception

A
  1. External Perception
  2. Internal Perception
70
Q

happens when we perceive things using our five senses. The result of the process of external perception is called percept. Consequently, once you use any and all of your five sense to perceive the world, you have these percepts.

A

External Perception

71
Q

happens when you use your imagination & memory to recreate the percept into an image or phantasm, which is the product of this process

A

Internal Perception

72
Q

the act of obtaining or removing something from a source

A

Abstraction

73
Q

the act or process of forming an opinion or making a decision after careful thought. The act of judging something or someone: the ability to make good decision, about what should be done.

A

Judgement

74
Q

Types of Statements:

A
  1. Analytic Statement
  2. Empirical Statement
75
Q

are true by definition, & are generally self-explanatory.
Examples:
Frozen water is ice.
Bachelor are unmarried men.

A

Analytic Statement

76
Q

are different from analytic statements because their truth or falsity depend on the state of affairs being claimed.

A

Empirical Statement

77
Q

Types of Knowledge:

A
  1. Formal Knowledge
  2. Empirical Knowledge
78
Q

correspond to knowledge in the formal sciences whose main concern is the validation of their knowledge claims within the formed system in their respective disciplines.

A

Formal Knowledge

79
Q

give emphasis on the criterion of verification

A

Empirical Knowledge

80
Q

Theories of Truth:

A
  1. Coherence Theory
  2. Correspondence Theory
  3. Pragmatic Theory
81
Q

states that the truth of any (true) proposition consists in its coherence with some specified set of propositions. It simply refers to the bearers of truth values.

A

Coherence Theory

82
Q

states that the truth or falsity of a statement is determined only by how it relates to the world & whether it accurately describes.

A

Correspondence Theory

83
Q

dealing with things sensible & realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations.

A

Pragmatic Theory

84
Q

Loud sound of a hen or a goose; a loud, harsh sounding laugh

A

Cackle

85
Q

where computers are used to help draw plans for things

A

CAD (Computer Aided Design)

86
Q

A person who carries a golfer’s clubs

A

Caddy

87
Q

The rise and fall of the voice in speaking

A

Cadence

88
Q

To persuade, to soothe by flattery

A

Cajole

89
Q

Young cow, seal or elephant.
The back part of the leg below the knee

A

Calf

90
Q

Cruel

A

Callous

91
Q

Frank, outspoken, informal

A

Candid

92
Q

Tent-like covering over a bed or throne

A

Canopy

93
Q

To ask for votes, opinions or orders

A

Canvass

94
Q

To touch lightly with something moist or soft

A

Dab

95
Q

Small and pretty delicate

A

Dainty

96
Q

To waste time

A

Dally

97
Q

A title given to a woman who has done something remarkable

A

Dame

98
Q

Humidity, Moisture

A

Damp

99
Q

To hang loosely

A

Dangle

100
Q

Spirited, stylish

A

Dashing

101
Q

To dishearten or intimidate

A

Daunt

102
Q

To move slowly and waste time

A

Dawdle

103
Q

To be partially blinded by strong light, to over whelm with brilliance

A

Daze

11-JOEL (32 decks)

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