Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

11-JOEL > PhySci (4th Quarter) > Flashcards

PhySci (4th Quarter) Flashcards

1
Q

is defined as the ability of an object to change its position with respect to its surroundings in given time.

A

Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is always observed and measured with a point of reference.

A

Motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is an example of motion with uniform acceleration.

A

Free Fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The change in velocity with a given time.

A

Acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the distance travelled of an object in a specific amount of time.

A

Speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

He was an Ancient Greek philosopher who thought that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones.

A

Aristotle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It would be needed to have a constant velocity according to Aristotle.

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It is required for violent but not natural motion.

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Object in vacuum will fall at the same time because in a vacuum there is nothing. Since there is no air or anything in space, objects that are heavy or light, will fall at the same time.

A

Galileo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

It is not necessarily required for violent motion.

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It is not required for object moving at constant velocity.

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

After 14 centuries since Ptolemy, five noted scientists made important discoveries that gave rise to the birth of modern astronomy.

A

Nicolaus Copernicus
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

He was a Danish astronomer and nobleman who made accurate observations of the movement of celestial bodies in an observatory built for him by King Frederick II of Denmark in 1576.

A

Tycho Brahe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

He was able to determine the position of 777 fixed stars accurately.

A

Tycho Brahe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Emperor Rudolf II recommended him to work for him as an assistant. He was born to a poor German family and studied as a scholar at the University of Tübingen in 1589.

A

Johannes Kepler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

He was Brahe’s assistant

A

Kepler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eventually, Brahe decided to give all his data to Kepler hoping that he would be able to prove his Tychonic system and put together new tables of astronomical data. This table was known as __________ ______, named after the Roman emperor and was useful in determining the positions of the planets for the past 1000 years and the future 1000 years. This table was the most accurate table that is known to the astronomical world

A

Rudolphine Tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brahe died in what year?

A

1601

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

After Brahe died in 1601, Emperor Rudolf II assigned ____as the new imperial mathematician, and all of Brahe’s writings, instruments, and the Rudolphine tables were passed on to him. From Brahe’s data, ____ was able to formulate his laws of planetary motion: the law of ellipses, the law of equal areas, and the law of harmonies.

A

Kepler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion (3)

A

The Law of Ellipses
The Law of Equal Areas
The Law of Harmonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When Kepler tried to figure out Mars’ orbit, it did not fit the then-famous theory that a planet follows a circular path. He then postulated that instead of a circular path, planets follow an oval or an ellipse orbit.

This orbit matched his calculations and explained the “irregularities” in the movement of Mars.

A

First law- The Law of Ellipses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The second law, states that when an imaginary line is drawn from the center of the Sun to the center of a planet, the line will sweep out an equal area of space in equal time intervals.

The law describes how fast a planet moves in its orbit. A planet moves fastest when it is nearest the Sun and slowest when it is farthest from the Sun, and still, the same area is swept out by the line in equal amounts of time.

A

Second Law- The Law of Equal Areas

23
Q

This law describes that the square of a planet’s orbital period (T2) is proportional to the cube of a planet’s average distance from the Sun (R3). It states that the ratio of the squares of the periods of two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of the average distances of these two planets from the Sun.

A

Third Law- The Law of Harmonies

24
Q

in an ellipse, the ratio of the distance between the foci to the major axis orbit

A

Eccentricity

25
Q

a closed curve for which the sum of the distances from any point on the ellipse to two points inside (called the foci) is always the same.

A

Ellipse

26
Q

one of two fixed points inside an ellipse from which the sum of the distances to any point on the ellipse is constant

A

Focus

27
Q

the maximum diameter of an ellipse

A

Major Axis

28
Q

the path of an object that is in revolution about another object or point

A

Orbit

29
Q

the time it takes an object to travel once around the Sun

A

Orbital Period

30
Q

Speed at which an object (usually a planet) orbits around the mass of another object; in the case of a planet, the speed at which each planet moves along its ellipse

A

Orbital Speed

31
Q

half of the major axis of a conic section, such as an ellipse

A

Semimajor Axis

32
Q

It is the tendency of an object to
resist change when in motion or when
at rest. Newton’s first law of motion is
also called ____ ____ ____.

A

Inertia
law of inertia

33
Q

A 17th century scientist formulated laws explaining why objects are
moving and why they do not move. It has been known as ____’s Three Laws of Motion.

A

Sir Isaac Newton

34
Q

He developed the
first concept of laws
of motion.

A

Galileo

35
Q

Developed the concept of motion in terms of velocity (speed
and direction) by using inclined planes.

A

Galileo

36
Q

Developed the idea of force that causes motion.

A

Galileo and Inertia

37
Q

Determined that the natural state of an object is rest or
uniformed motion.

A

Galileo and Inertia

38
Q

Developed the idea that objects resist motion, inertia.

A

Galileo and Inertia

39
Q

According to Galileo, objects in motion eventually
stop because of a force called ____.

A

friction

40
Q

According to ____, objects in motion eventually
stop because of a force called friction.

A

Galileo

41
Q

According to Galileo, objects in motion ____ ____ because of a force called fiction.

A

eventually stop

42
Q

It is a force that oppose motion between any surfaces that are touching.

A

Friction

43
Q

He was born the
same year Galileo died.
His law of inertia is based
on Galileo’s idea of inertia. He
expanded Galileo’s work and
came up with his Three Laws of
Motion.

A

Isaac Newton

44
Q

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

A

Newton’s first law of motion

45
Q

Sir Isaac Newton came up with his ____ Laws of
Motion.

A

Three

46
Q

An object’s inertia depends on its ____.

A

mass

47
Q

It is the amount of matter or substance that makes up an
object. It is measured in units called kilogram.

A

Mass

48
Q

An object
with a greater mass has a ____ ____ and an object
with a lesser mass will also have a ____ ____.

A

greater inertia
lesser inertia

49
Q

an object will stay in place unless something orsomebody moves it.

A

Inertia of rest

50
Q

a plate on the table

A

Inertia of rest

51
Q

an object will continue at the same speed until aforce acts on it.

A

Inertia of motion

52
Q

a rolling ball

A

Inertia of motion

53
Q

an object will stay moving in the same direction unless a force acts on it.

A

Inertia of Direction

54
Q

a moving car turning right

A

Inertia of Direction

11-JOEL (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions