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Neuro Block 2-RG > Sensory Pathology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Sensory Pathology Deck (20)
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1
Q

What are the 3 fundamental steps in information processing?

A
  • transduction
  • transmission
  • perception
2
Q

What is nociception?

A

stimulation of nerve cells

3
Q

What are the required steps of transduction?

A
  1. stimulus
  2. receptor w/ transducer protein present
  3. ion channels open or close
  4. membrane potentials change
  5. AP generation
4
Q

With regard to tranduction, where does the first AP occur?

A

first node of Ranvier

5
Q

What are the two types of receptors for sensation and how do they act?

A
  • somatosensation: 1˚ afferent has receptors

- special senses except olfaction: receptive cells releases neurotransmitter onto 1˚ afferent

6
Q

What is a receptive field?

A

spacial region where a stimulus will produce a response (dendrite-defined)

7
Q

What is a sensory unit?

A

1˚ afferent + all receptive cells that define its receptor field

8
Q

What is s stimulus modality?

A

receptors responding to one type of stimulus preferentially

9
Q

What is an adequate stimulus?

A

stimulus TYPE that is the correct modality for a receptor to interpret

10
Q

What are the three types of energy we can sense?

A

mechanical
chemical
electromagnetic

11
Q

What is a nonadequate stimulus?

A

stimulus not of normal modality for receptor, may be perceived incorrectly as adequate stimulus (conditioned response)

12
Q

2 ways stimulus intensity can be increased

A
  • frequency

- population (# of cells)

13
Q

Frequency coding

A

increased # of APs

14
Q

Population coding

A

receptive field overlap

15
Q

Tonic adaptation

A

slow adaptation

16
Q

Phasic adaptation

A

fast adaptation

17
Q

What is the inherent problem with acuity?

A

larger receptive field = decreased acuity

more receptors stimulated, less acute interpretation

18
Q

Where does lateral inhibition occur?

A

in CNS

19
Q

Describe lateral inhibition

A

most stimulated neurons inhibit the signal of adjacent neurons to make the localization of the sensation more acute

20
Q

What is the test designed to test touch acuity?

A

two point discrimination test