Urinary disorders, hormone problems, organ transplants

Question 1

Urinary problems: kidneys

Answer 1

Bacterial infection, urine retention, or kidneys stones. Formed from substances precipitated (brought on by) out of urine, they cause severe pain until removed

Question 2

Urinary problems: ureters

Answer 2

Blockage by kidney stones

Question 3

Urinary problems: bladder

Answer 3

Kidney - stone blockage, also cystitis

Question 4

Urinary problems: bladder - cystitis

Answer 4

Inflammation due to infection, with pain on (frequent) urination, relieved by drinking a lot of water.

Question 5

Urinary problems: bladder - enuresis

Answer 5

Involuntary urination (commonly in children up to 12 or 18 months)

Question 6

Urinary problems: urethritis

Answer 6

Inflamed (infected) urethra

Question 7

Urinary problems: enlarged prostate

Answer 7

In older men, overgrowth preventing urination and needing urgent treatment

Question 8

What produces various hormonal diseases?

Answer 8

Underactive or overactive endocrine glands

Question 9

How are hormonal diseases treated?

Answer 9

Some can be treated by artificially adjusting hormone balance

Question 10

Hormone problems: pituitary gland malfunction

Answer 10

Can produce growth abnormalities creating dwarfs and giants

Question 11

Hormone problems: thyroid gland malfunction

Answer 11

Can cause goitre and slow down or speed up the body’s metabolism

Question 12

Goitre

Answer 12

An enlarged thyroid gland

Question 13

Hormone problems: pancreas malfunction

Answer 13

Inability to manufacture insulin (diabetes); a condition where the body cannot use sugar

Question 14

Hormone problems: adrenal glands’ malfunction

Answer 14

Causes Addison’s disease, with weakness and weight loss

Question 15

Skin graft

Answer 15

Where healthy skin is removed from an unaffected area of the body and used to cover lost/damaged skin

Question 16

Organ transplant

Answer 16

Replacing a diseased/unhealthy organ with healthy counterparts from dead or living donors (surgically)

Question 17

Best known parts of body where you can get an organ transplant:

Answer 17

Hair, eye lens and cornea, lungs, heart, kidneys, liver, bones, blood vessels, blood skin.

Question 18

Examples of substitutes for flesh and bone:

Answer 18

Plastics, metals and other substitutes

Question 19

Protheses

Answer 19

Artificial body parts

Question 20

Purpose of protheses

Answer 20

Replace damaged or destroyed body parts by disease or injury

Question 21

Examples of prosthetics

Answer 21

False hair, plate in the skull, heart valves, artificial leg, artificial knee joint, false teeth etc.