Wk 5 Acute Kidney Injury Flashcards
(60 cards)
Define acute kidney injury.
A rapidly progressive, sudden decline in kidney function that may be reversible
What would a GFR be for someone with AKI?
<90ml/min
What would urine output look like for someone with AKI?
<30 ml/hr
What would BUN look like for someone with AKI?
> 20 mg/dL
What would creatinine look like for someone with AKI?
> 1.2 mg/dL
How fast does AKI occur?
It usually occurs within hours of onset of the problem
What are four labs that we can use to determine if someone is having an AKI?
GFR, urine output, BUN, creatinine
What urine output is normal for 24 hours?
Greater than 400 mLs in 24 hours
What is the medical term for decreased urine output?
oliguria
What is the normal BUN range?
10-20
What is the normal range for creatinine?
0.5-1
AKI encompasses the entire scope of the syndrome, which means…
It can range from slight deterioration in kidney function to severe
What is AKI characterized by?
Rapid loss in kidney function, within hours to days
Does someone with AKI always have decreased urine output?
No, it can be with or without urine output
Although AKI is potentially reversible, it has a very high __ __.
mortality rate
A person who suffers an AKI is typically suffering from other…
life threatening conditions
What are three typical precursors to an AKI?
Severe, prolonged hypotension, hypovolemia, or exposure to a nephrotoxic agent
Why does hypotension and/or hypovolemia result in an AKI?
Decreased perfusion to the kidneys
Where do most AKI occur?
Prerenal
What is a prerenal cause of AKI?
It originates in the intravascular system, before the kidneys, such as decreased cardiac output
What is the most common cause of intrarenal AKI?
Acute tubular necrosis
What is acute tubular necrosis?
Damage to the tubule cells which results in the kidneys not being able to filter the blood, a build up of wastes occurs
What causes acute tubular necrosis?
Ischemia of the kidneys or damage from a toxic substance
Hypokalemia would cause which type of AKI?
Prerenal
