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year 2 medicine

This class was created by Brainscape user Chrissy Taaffe. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.

By: Chrissy Taaffe
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Decks in this class (162)

An Overview of Immunology
What is an antigen,
Antigens are usually,
Antigens are not necessarily
84  cards
Innate Immune Defences & Inflammation 1
What is innate immunity,
Immunity is the first line of def...,
Innate immunity is present at
160  cards
Innate Immune Defences & Inflammation 2: The Induced Response
Cells of the innate adaptive immu...,
Innate immune cells,
What are the functions of a neutr...
183  cards
Adaptive Immunity 1
Why do we need an adaptive immune...,
The immune response first second ...,
The immune response first second ...
99  cards
Adaptive Immunity 2
How do we ensure that there is a ...,
The primary mechanism for generat...,
Vdj recombination is the genetic ...
56  cards
Adaptive Immunity 3
Why do t cells need antigen prese...,
There are three main types of pro...,
Cells which have the broadest ran...
49  cards
Mechanisms of Tolerance
Immunological tolerance,
Immunological tolerance,
What is immunological tolerance
108  cards
Vaccines
Immunisation is an process by whi...,
What is immunisation,
Immunisation no immune response i...
115  cards
Regulating Immunological Responses: Role of Cytokines and Chemokines
Cytokines are mediators,
Concept of mediator or diffusible...,
What is a soluble mediator
87  cards
Overview and Classification of Immunological Diseases
Immunological disease,
Immunological disease,
Mechanisms based approach to clas...
64  cards
Mucosal Immunology 1
Malt balt galt,
Malt balt galt,
Why is the mucosal immune system ...
53  cards
Mucosal Immunology 2
What is the mesentery,
Mesenteric lymph nodes are locate...,
What is the main site for oral to...
56  cards
Autoimmune Diseases 1
Selection of adaptive immune lymp...,
Cytokine deviation tolerance mech...,
Classification of aid with a few ...
63  cards
Autoimmune Diseases 2
Non genetic factors in autoimmuni...,
Molecular mimicry,
Molecular mimicry
81  cards
Pharmacological Aspects of Immunology 1
Discovery of aspirin,
Nsaids,
Nsaids
127  cards
Pharmacological Aspects of Immunology 2 : Biological Therapies
Therapies for rheumatoid arthriti...,
Therapies for rheumatoid arthriti...,
Therapies for rheumatoid arthriti...
97  cards
Causation & Study Design: HIV & AIDS
Study designs,
Study designs,
Study designs
68  cards
Randomised Control Trials: Vaccines
Mmr vaccine report,
Confounding when we mix up causes,
Confounding
85  cards
Psychoneuroimmunology
Stress and immune function,
What is pni psyconeuroimmunology,
Links between emotions and health...
93  cards
Introduction to Transplantation Immunology
Syngeneic same background,
Allogeneic same different background,
Autologous individual
68  cards
Immunodeficiency Diseases
What do we mean by immunodeficiency,
Immunodeficiency difficulty in de...,
Infections more likely to be sign...
46  cards
The Immunology of COVID-19
Sars cov 2 and related viruses sa...,
Sars cov 2 is a sense stranded rn...,
Sars cov 2 and related viruses ba...
72  cards
Allergy
The early phase allergic reaction,
Allergen substance to which antib...,
In allergic individuals exposure ...
58  cards
The Hierarchy of Evidence
Hierarchy of evidence,
Hierarchy of evidence,
Assessing risk of bias
38  cards
Introduction to the Endocrine System
What is the role of hormones,
What are three things hormones do,
The discovery of hormones people ...
96  cards
The Nuts and Bolts of the Endocrine System: Anatomy and Histology Roadshow
What is the composition of the en...,
Hormones are molecules,
The endocrine system is essential...
152  cards
Thyroid Hormone Physiology
In a series of lectures to the ro...,
The thyroid gland plays a pivotal...,
The thyroid gland hormones determ...
49  cards
Thyroid disease: Hyper, Hypo and other
Define hypothyroidism,
Primary hypothyroidism is due to ...,
Secondary hypothyroidism is due t...
74  cards
Adrenal Cortex - Hormones, Physiology
The adrenal glands lie on top of the,
In the us the adrenal glands are ...,
The adrenal glands are divided in...
57  cards
Introduction to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
Autocrine signalling is a form of...,
Paracrine signalling is a form of...,
Endocrine action
80  cards
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: clinical aspects
What is shown in the image,
Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal ax...,
What kind of circulation does the...
45  cards
Adrenal Causes of Hypertension
What is endocrinology about too m...,
What is shown in this image,
Layers of adrenal gland cortex is...
45  cards
Lactation, Galactorrhoea, Prolactinomas
Breast development in puberty,
Breast development in pregnancy b...,
Milk production is known as what
43  cards
Physiology of Thirst and Fluid Balance and it's Disorders
Thirst and fluid balance physiolo...,
Thirst and fluid balance pathophy...,
Physiology of water homeostasis
41  cards
Calcium Homeostasis, Hyper and Hypocalcaemia
Where is caclium iprotant,
Hypocalcaemia destablizes what,
If someone has their first fit wh...
51  cards
Endocrine Aspects of Male Hypogonadism
Testosterone is a hormone,
Testosterone is secreted in both ...,
Normal young men produce how much...
52  cards
Transgender Healthcare and Hormone Therapy
What does gender incongruence mean,
What does gender dysphoria mean,
Both gender incongruence and gend...
16  cards
Physiology of Appetite and Weight
Obesity can be viewed in two ways...,
Obesity definition prof steve ora...,
Homeostasis precise matching of e...
58  cards
Effects of Age and Diet on Endocrine Function
Effects of age on endocrine function,
Effects of diet on endocrine func...,
Different perspectives on age die...
50  cards
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Is t2 diabetes common is it serious,
Lifetime cost of diabetes in usa ...,
What is diabetes mellitus
55  cards
Drug Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Glucagon like peptide 1 analogs,
Insulin net effect is what,
Thiazolidinediones glitazones
45  cards
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes,
Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes p...,
What is this figure representing
39  cards
Acute Complications of Diabetes
What is diabetic keto acidosis dka,
Dka is more common in which type ...,
What is hyperosmolar hyperglycaem...
30  cards
Long Term Complications of Diabetes
Microvascular complications of di...,
Macrovascular complications of di...,
Microvascular complications
49  cards
Psycho-sexual Dysfunction in Men and Women with Diabetes
What is this showing diabetes and,
What can controlling the threat l...,
What can avoiding the threat lead...
12  cards
Hormonal Drug Delivery
Forms are essentially pharmaceuti...,
Pharmaceutics is the science of t...,
Examples of dosage forms
51  cards
Thinking about Populations over time: Incidence and Cohort Studies
Prevalence prevalence measures th...,
Calculation of prevalence require...,
Prevalence number of people with ...
31  cards
Diagnostic Biochemistry of Calcium and Bone Disorders
Calcium homeostasis,
Animal models have demonstrated t...,
Calcium homeostasis sites of exch...
36  cards
Diagnostic Biochemistry of Endocrine disorders
Endocrine glands,
Thyroid marker of choice,
50 y f tired lethargy night sweat...
44  cards
Anterior Pituitary Disorders: Acromegaly and Hypopituitarism
What can happen if you have a pit...,
What can happen if you have a pit...,
How can deficient hormone secreti...
47  cards
Morphological Plan of the Upper Limb
Tuberosity vs tubercle what is th...,
When your palm or forearm faces u...,
Muscles of the upper limb anterio...
154  cards
Nerve and Blood Supply to the Upper Limb
The surgical neck of the humerus ...,
Brachial artery,
Motor functions of the median nerve
134  cards
Anatomy of the Shoulder Region
Skeletal components of the should...,
The humerus has 2 tubercles what ...,
Where is the intertubercular sulc...
88  cards
Introduction to Surgery of the Shoulder
Why is shoulder pain important,
Shoulder pain is the most common ...,
What of adults each year visit gp...
45  cards
Anatomy of the Forearm
Skeleton forearm,
Label the forearm skeleton,
Label the forearm skeleton
123  cards
Anatomy of the Hand
Skeleton of the hand label the di...,
Carpal bones,
Carpal bones
119  cards
Upper Limb Nerve Injuries
Approach to a neurological problem,
Approach to a neurological problem,
Upper motor neuron vs lower motor...
107  cards
Introduction to Surgery of the Hand
Palmar fascia,
Palmar fascia,
Palmar fascia
71  cards
Morphological Plan of the Lower Limb
Posterior compartment of thigh,
Femoral triangle,
Blood supply to the lower limb
205  cards
Anatomy of the Knee
The joint is an articulation betw...,
The knee joint is an articulation...,
What bone is not part of the knee...
132  cards
Anatomy of the Leg and Foot
Function of the foot,
Function of the foot,
Bones of the leg
112  cards
Introduction to Surgery of the Foot and Ankle
Basics of foot ankle pathology,
Basics of foot ankle pathology,
Why is the foot so important
96  cards
Gait
Walking,
Gait is,
Gait the way a person walks
36  cards
Lower Limb Nerve Injuries
Organisation of lower limb nerves,
Organisation of lower limb nerves,
Organisation of lower limb nerves
118  cards
Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa
Face,
Muscles of the face,
Muscles of the face
33  cards
Neck and Oral Cavity
Oral cavity,
Oral cavity,
Oral cavity
43  cards
Orbit and Nasal Cavity
Nose,
Nose,
Cranial nerve 1 olfactory
40  cards
Structure and Function of the Spinal Cord
Anatomy of the spinal cord,
Anatomy of the spinal cord,
Anatomy of the spinal cord 2
64  cards
Motor Learning and Neurological Syndromes
Simple motor pathway,
Upper and lower motor neuron,
Motor control of tennis serve
57  cards
The Cerebellum and Motor Learning
What is the role of the cerebellu...,
The motor control of hierarchy,
Principles of organisation of the...
39  cards
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic nervous system,
Autonomic nervous system,
3 divisions of the ans
62  cards
Physiology of Pain
What is pain,
Why do we feel pain,
People without sensation of pain ...
70  cards
Anatomy and Function of the Basal Ganglia
The basal ganglia are a group of ...,
Hierarchy of motor control,
The basal ganglia the filter of t...
37  cards
Physiology of Vision
Eye and retina,
Eye and retina,
View of the retina through an opt...
43  cards
Physiology of Hearing
Functions of hearing,
The nature of sound,
The range of human hearing
58  cards
Physiology of Balance, Taste and Smell
Organisation of the peripheral ve...,
Organisation of the peripheral ve...,
Orientation and structure of the ...
43  cards
Physiology of Pain 2
Clinical pain,
Clinical pain,
Pain 3 months
49  cards
Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Reward and Addictive Behaviours
Addiction substance dependence,
Addiction substance dependence,
What are withdrawal symptoms
54  cards
Psychobiology of Emotion
Emotion,
Examples of emotion,
Mood
144  cards
Schizophrenia: Clinical Aspects
Neurosis vs psychosis,
Respond to antidepressant or ssri...,
Neurosis respond to or vs psychos...
73  cards
Schizophrenia: Neurobiology and Treatment
Schizophrenia is a a collection o...,
Aetiology of schizophrenia what c...,
Genetic risk schizophrenia
42  cards
Affective Disorders Clinical Aspects
What is mood,
How to assess mood,
Diagnostic test for mood disorder
46  cards
Affective Disorders: Neurobiology and Treatment
Neurobiology of depression,
Aetiology of depression,
Neurobiology of depression 1disru...
73  cards
Anxiety Disorders: Clinical Picture
Epidemiology anxiety disorders v ...,
Clinical picture of acute stress ...,
Acute stress reaction lasts to days
66  cards
Anxiety Disorders: Neurobiology, Neurochemistry and Treatment
What structure controls fear,
T weighted imaging is used to dif...,
T weighted imaging is used to dif...
46  cards
Pathology of the Female Reproductive Tract 1
Microscopic anatomy,
Vulva and vagina,
Vagina at puberty
41  cards
Pathology of the Female Reproductive Tract 2
For some malignant neoplasms a pr...,
Dysplasia,
Define dysplasia
45  cards
Pathology of the Female Reproductive Tract 3
Age standardised incidence rates ...,
The predominant endometrial cance...,
Malignant neoplasm of glandular e...
54  cards
Talking about Gender
Sex,
Sex is a construct,
Sexual categories include
27  cards
Ovarian Cysts - Benign and Malignant Cysts
What is a functional ovarian cyst,
Ovum production,
Normal ovary follicular cyst
41  cards
Collecting Data about people and Comparing the Health of Groups - Ovarian Cancer
Why compare the health of groups,
How do we compare the health of g...,
How do we compare the health of g...
28  cards
The Cervix in Health and Disease
Function of the cervix,
Embryology of cervix,
What is visible here
68  cards
Sexual Health
Define health,
Define sexual health,
Sexual health requires a positive...
59  cards
Pathology of the Testis
Normal testis with associated epi...,
Acute epididymo orchitis,
What is acute epididymo orchitis
111  cards
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Who gets stis,
Coitarche means,
Does age at first intercourse coi...
79  cards
Developmental Origins of Disease - Symposia Part 1
Embryology,
Why study embryology and development,
Fertilization day 1
19  cards
Why Subtle Gene Changes Mean Every Child is Different - Symposia Part 2
Ics,
Laba,
Ltra
11  cards
Defining the Pelvic Region
The bony pelvis the four bones th...,
The articulated pelvis,
What bones are shown
28  cards
Defining the Reproductive Tracts
Introduction to defining the repr...,
Female reproductive system,
Ovaries
44  cards
Imaging of the Pelvis Angiography/Ultrasound/MRI
Which imaging modalities are used...,
Advantages of mri,
Are ct scans used for pelvic imaging
34  cards
Sexual Differentiation: How to Make a Boy or a Girl
Prevalence of genital abnormaliti...,
Example of genital abnormalities,
What makes a boy girl involves 3 ...
40  cards
Disorders of Ovulation
Menstrual cycle,
Central mediator kisspeptin,
Diagnosis of ovulation clinical t...
46  cards
Physiology of Puberty
Puberty,
Physical changes in puberty,
Physical changes in girls growth ...
35  cards
Male and Female Reproductive Endocrinology
Puberty,
What is shown what is it used for,
Staging also known as sexual matu...
16  cards
Fertility Control
Female reproductive endocrinology...,
Combined hormonal contraceptives ...,
Benefits of combined hormonal con...
15  cards
Thinking about Populations at a moment in time: Prevalence and Cross-Sectional studies: Infertility
Define epidemiology,
Relevance of describing populatio...,
Clinical epidemiology application...
41  cards
Causes and Treatments of Subfertility
Define infertility does this appl...,
When is infertility diagnosed in ...,
For a secondary
46  cards
The Short but Happy Life of a Sperm
Testis sits inside,
Functions of the testis,
Compartments of the testis semini...
28  cards
Sperm-Racing
Measuring sperm,
Volume of sperm,
Concentration and vitality sperm
15  cards
Assisted Reproduction: Social and Ethical Issues
Defining infertility,
Infertility medical or social pro...,
Social values and fertility
18  cards
Pregnancy and Birth
Initiation of labour,
Initiation of labour 2,
Stages of labour
24  cards
Prenatal Screening
What is screening,
Fetal anomaly screening programme,
Fetal anomoly screening programme
47  cards
Physiology Of Pregnancy
How long is the average human pre...,
How many trimesters in pregnancy,
When is the first trimester pregancy
38  cards
The Ethics of Screening
Questions associated with screeni...,
Forms of screening and testing,
Public versus individual interest...
29  cards
Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction
Fertilization and beyond summary,
Zygote to blastomere,
Morula
58  cards
Multiple Pregnancies
Incidence of twin pregnancy,
Multiple births england wales,
Twinning rates netherlands
38  cards
Pregnancy and Diabetes
Maternal hyperglycemia during pre...,
Why does diagnosing maternal hype...,
Hyperglycemia of pregnancy
39  cards
Congenital Abnormalities and Teratology
Who definition of congenital anomaly,
Structural anomalies account for ...,
48  cards
Congenital Heart Disease Symposium
Fetal lung maturation,
Fetal lung maturation 2,
First breath
33  cards
The Loss of a Baby
Why is pregnancy loss important,
What does this table show,
Women who died 24 weeks with earl...
54  cards
The Moral Status of the Embryo
Why consider the moral status of ...,
Asking the correct question moral...,
History of legislation moral stat...
24  cards
Gynae and the law/women's rights - Female Genital Mutilation & Termination of Pregnancy
What is female genital mutilation...,
Female genital mutilation is also...,
The term female genital mutilatio...
33  cards
Congenital Lesions of the Face and Neck
Development of the face,
Development of the face,
Development of the face these dev...
26  cards
Children with Renal Abnormalities
The nature of disease,
Urology development where it all ...,
Congenital problems kidney
35  cards
Defining the Pelvic Region COPY
The bony pelvis the four bones th...,
The articulated pelvis,
What bones are shown
28  cards
Defining the Reproductive Tracts COPY
Introduction to defining the repr...,
Female reproductive system,
Ovaries
44  cards
Imaging of the Pelvis Angiography/Ultrasound/MRI COPY
Which imaging modalities are used...,
Advantages of mri,
Are ct scans used for pelvic imaging
34  cards
Disorders of Ovulation COPY
Menstrual cycle,
Central mediator kisspeptin,
Diagnosis of ovulation clinical t...
46  cards
Sexual Differentiation: How to Make a Boy or a Girl COPY
Prevalence of genital abnormaliti...,
Example of genital abnormalities,
What makes a boy girl involves 3 ...
40  cards
Physiology of Puberty COPY
Puberty,
Physical changes in puberty,
Physical changes in girls growth ...
35  cards
Fertility Control COPY
Female reproductive endocrinology...,
Combined hormonal contraceptives ...,
Benefits of combined hormonal con...
15  cards
Thinking about Populations at a moment in time: Prevalence and Cross-Sectional studies: Infertility COPY
Define epidemiology,
Relevance of describing populatio...,
Clinical epidemiology application...
41  cards
Causes and Treatments of Subfertility COPY
Define infertility does this appl...,
When is infertility diagnosed in ...,
For a secondary
46  cards
Physiology of Skeletal Muscle Contraction
The basic unit of skeletal muscle...,
Are long filaments that run paral...,
Are long filaments that run paral...
122  cards
Pathophysiology of Skeletal Muscle
Plasticity of skeletal muscle exe...,
Endurance exercise responds to to...,
Resistance training responds to and
126  cards
Physiology of Bone Formation and Repair
Healthy bone physiology is a bala...,
More bone resorption than bone fo...,
More bone formation than bone res...
122  cards
Principles of Articulation
Articulation,
Joint,
Arthrosis an arthrosis is a
121  cards
Multi-system Autoimmune Disease
Are forms of arthritis that usual...,
Spondyloarthropathies types,
Spondyloarthropathies types
113  cards
Clinical Biochemistry; Musculoskeletal System
Muscle disease,
Muscle disease,
Why is creatine kinase ck the mai...
105  cards
Principles of Fracture Management
Trauma and fractures,
Trauma and fractures,
Complications of surgery
33  cards
Introduction to Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
Nomenclature msk,
Tendon problem inflammation,
Bursae are membrane lined pockets...
116  cards
Synaptic Transmission
1909 maps of human 43 cytoarchite...,
Phineas gage survived accident fo...,
Transcranial magnetic stimulation...
16  cards
Skull and Cranial Cavity
The scalp consists of five layers...,
What are the 5 layers of the scalp,
Scalp extends over the
85  cards
Topography of the Brain
Development of the brain,
Neurulation development of the brain,
Neurulation development of the brain
118  cards
Neural Tissues
What is the difference between th...,
Cns and cord information processi...,
Which embryonic layer tissue is t...
65  cards
Physiology of Neurons
Electrical synapses,
What is the clinical importance o...,
Draw a graph of a neural action p...
54  cards
Chemicals in the Brain
Synaptic vesicle release and recy...,
Synaptic vesicle release and recy...,
Mechanisms of exocytosis during n...
58  cards
Chemistry and Physiology of the Synapse
Two families of postsynaptic rece...,
Ionotropic receptors,
Ionotropic receptors
47  cards
Global Brain Activity
What is eeg,
An electroencephalogram eeg is a ...,
Generation of small fields in pyr...
30  cards
Basal Principles of Memory
Early distinctions of memory,
Early distinctions of memory,
Atkinson shiffrin s 1968 modal mo...
27  cards
How Drugs Control the Brain
The gabaergic system,
The gabaergic system,
Too much gaba loss of and
58  cards
Neuropsychology of Memory
What amnesia is,
What amnesia is,
What amnesia is
31  cards
Ventricular System
What are the ventricles,
Ventricular system,
Subarachnoid space between and la...
55  cards
Consciousness
What is consciousness,
2  cards
Dementia: Neuropathology & Clinical Aspects
Dementia disorders,
Neuropathology of dementia,
Neuropathology of dementia 2
36  cards
Neuropathology
Histology of neural tissues,
Histology of neural tissues,
Histology of neural tissues
42  cards
Physiology of the Spinal Cord
Physiological functions of the sp...,
Spinal nerves,
Detection by receptors interpreta...
9  cards
Synaptic Plasticity in Learning and Memory
Types of memory,
Explicit memory facts events impl...,
How do we learn
40  cards
Anaesthetic Drugs
What is anaesthesia,
What is anaesthesia,
Ethanol
32  cards
Use of Blood Chemistry for Diagnosis of Neurological Disease
Synaptic transmission,
A 42 y woman presents with episod...,
Synaptic transmission neuroendocrine
63  cards
Dementia - The Grand 21st Century Challenge
The beginning dementia,
Currently dementia,
So not too good news dementia
30  cards
Analgesics, Anaesthetic and Sedative Drugs
What is analgesia,
What are analgesics,
Pain
30  cards

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