Chapter 6 (Pelvic Cavity)

Question 1

_____ _____ containing the terminal parts of the urinary and alimentary systems, internal genital organs, associated vascular structures, and nerves supplying the pelvis and lower extremity.

Answer 1

Funnel-shaped space

Question 2

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Comprised of three parts:

Answer 2

• Iliococcygeus
• Pubococcygeus
• Puborectalis (under)

Question 3

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Origin

Answer 3

• Posterior pubic bone
• Tendinous arch of obturator fascia
• Spine of ischium

Question 4

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Insertion

Answer 4

• Perineal body
• Around anal canal, prostate or vagina
• Along anococcygeal ligament

Question 5

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Nerve supply

Answer 5

• Nerve to the levator ani (S4)

- Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

Question 6

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Action

Answer 6

• Active support of pelvic viscera

- Resits intra-abdominal pressure

Question 7

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

____ forms a U-shaped ___ ___ that passes posterior to the anorectal junction

Answer 7

Puborectalis; muscular sling

Question 8

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

Puborectalis is repsosnsible for the ____ ____ and plays a major role in maintaining ____ _____.

Answer 8

Anorectal flexure; fecal continence

Question 9

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Levator Ani)

_____ of the puborectalis will result in a …

Answer 9

Relaxation; more direct path for feces

Question 10

Pelvic Diaphragm - Coccygeus

Answer 10

Overlies the sacrospinous ligament

Question 11

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Coccygeus)

Attached to:

Answer 11

• Ischial spine

- Lateral margin of coccyx and sacrum

Question 12

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Coccygeus)

Supplied by _____ to _____

Answer 12

Nerve to coccygeus (S4-S5)

Question 13

(Pelvic Diaphragm - Coccygeus)

Action

Answer 13

Helps support pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx

Question 14

Urogenital hiatus

Answer 14

Gives passage to the urethra, vagina (females), and prostate (males)

Question 15

Pelvic diaphragm injury may:

Answer 15

• atrophy because of reduced estrogen post-menopause
• Weaken in connective tissue diseases
• Be affected by childbearing and delivery

Question 16

Pelvic diaphragm injury that affects childbearing and delivery can…

Answer 16

• alter the strength and elasticity. of pelvic diaphragm
• damage nerves in the pelvic region
• produce tears and muscle attachment

Question 17

(Pelvic diaphragm Injury)

these conditions can lead to…

Answer 17

prolapse of internal pelvic organs, fecal and urinary incontinence

Question 18

(Pelvic diaphragm Injury)

____ _____ can be used to strengthen pelvic floor and reduce incontinence and prevent prolapse

Answer 18

Kegal exercises