Chapter 6 (Perineum) Flashcards
The perineum is the region of the trunk below the ____ ____ and bounded by the ____ ____.
Pelvic diaphragm; pelvic outlet
(Diamond shaped compartment)
Subdivided by a line connecting the ____ ____ into an anterior ____ ____ and a posterior _____ ____.
ischial tuberosities; urogenital triangle (horizontal); anal triangle (almost vertical)
(Diamond shaped compartment)
The perineum contains the ____ ____ and the …
external genitalia and the external openings of the urogenital and gastrointestinal systems
(Diamond shaped compartment)
Innervation
Pudendal nerve
(Diamond shaped compartment)
Blood supply
- Branches of the pudendal artery
- Tributaries of pudendal vein and prostatic plexus (male) or vesical plexus (female) of veins
Layers of the Urogenital Triangle
- Skin
- Superficial fascia
- Superficial perineal pouch
- Perineal membrane
- Deep perineal pouch
(Layers of the Urogenital Triangle)
Superficial fascia
- Fatty layer
- Membranous layer (Colle’s fascia) > continuous with scarpa’s fascia of abdomen
(Layers of the Urogenital Triangle)
Superficial perineal pouch
- External genitalia and muscles associated with it
- Greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) glands (female)
(Layers of the Urogenital Triangle)
Perineal membrane
- Urethral and vaginal opening
(Layers of the Urogenital Triangle)
Deep perineal pouch
- Located between the pelvic diaphragm and the perineal membrane
- External urethral sphincter and accessory sphincters (female)
- Bulbourethral glands (male)
Layers of the Anal Triangle
- Skin
- Superficial fascia
- Distal rectum
- Anal canal
- Inferior rectal nerves and vessels
(Layers of the Anal Triangle)
Superficial fascia
- Fatty layer > ischio-anal fossa, a common site of abscess formation
- Pudendal canal: pudendal nerve and vessels
(Layers of the Anal Triangle)
Anal canal
External anal sphincter around the anal aperature (anus)
