Chapter 7 (Osteology: Femur & Patella)

Question 1

The femur is considered to be the _____ and _____ bone in the body. Transmits body weight from the hip bone to the tibia when a person is standing.

Answer 1

Longest; heaviest

Question 2

(Femur)

Proximal femur is bent at an obtuse obliquely oriented angle, known as the ____ ____ _____

Answer 2

Angle of inclination

Question 3

(Femur)

Average angle of _____ ____ ____, nearly straight at birth.

Answer 3

126º for adults (ranging 115-140º)

Question 4

(Femur)
When viewed superiorly, the ____ ___ ____, when combined with the angle of inclination allows rotary movements of the femoral head.

Answer 4

angle of torsion (7-12º)

Question 5

(Femur)

The proximal end contains the:

Answer 5

• Head of femur
• Fovea for ligament of the head
• Neck
• Greater and lesser trochanters
• Intertrochantreric line
• Intertrochanteric crest
• Quradrate tubercle
• Trochanteric fossa

Question 6

(Femur)

The shaft contains:

Answer 6

• Linea aspera
• Medial and lateral lips/margins
• Gluteal tuberosity
• Pectineal line
• Spiral line
• Supracondylar lines (medial and lateral)

Question 7

(Femur)

The distal end contains the:

Answer 7

• Femoral condyles (medial and lateral)
• Femoral epicondyles (medial and lateral)
• Intercondylar fossa
• Patellar surface
• Adductor tubercle

Question 8

The patella is commonly known as the ___ ____

Answer 8

knee cap

Question 9

(Patella)

____ ____ ____ formed in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle after birth

Answer 9

Large sesamoid bone

Question 10

(Patella)

Located anterior to the ____ region of the femur and articulates with the patellar surface of the femur.

Answer 10

midcondylar region

Question 11

(Patella)

Contains the:

Answer 11

• Base (superior border)
• Lateral and medial borders
• Apex
• Articular surface (posteriorly)

Question 12

An injury of the hip bone is commonly referred to as ____ ____

Answer 12

pelvic fractures

Question 13

(Injuries of the hip bone)

Occurs commonly during sports that require _____ ____ _____ ____ ____.

Answer 13

Sudden acceleration or deceleration forces

Question 14

(Injuries of the hip bone)

____ _____ of the hip bone are common fractures of the hip, occurring where muscles or ligaments are attached.

Answer 14

Avulsion fractures

Question 15

(Injuries of the hip bone)

Common areas of avulsion include the …

Answer 15

ASIS and AIIS, ischial tuberosities, and ischiopubic rami

Question 16

(Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga)

The angle of inclination between the femoral neck and femoral shaft varies with…

Answer 16

age, sex, and development of the femur, as well as pathological processes that weaken the neck of the femur.

Question 17

(Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga)

When the angle is decreased, the condition is known as ___ ____.

Answer 17

Coxa vara

Question 18

(Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga)

Coxa vara

Answer 18

Causes mild shortening of the lower extremity and limits passive abduction of the hip.

Question 19

(Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga)

When the angle is increased, this condition is known as _____ _____

Answer 19

Coxa valga

Question 20

(Coxa Vara and Coxa Valga)

Coxa valga

Answer 20

May cause pain. and discomfort, higher risk of immobility and loss of hip muscle tissue

Question 21

(Injuries of Femur)

The femur is a commonly fractured bone despite its ____ ____ and _____, and often _____ and ____ related

Answer 21

large size and strength, and often age and sex-related.

Question 22

(Injuries of Femur)

The _____ of the femur is most frequently fractured due to being the most ____ and ____ part of the bone.

Answer 22

neck; most narrow and weakest

Question 23

(Injuries of Femur)

A neck fracture becomes increasingly vulnerable with age, especially in ____ ___ ____

Answer 23

females 2º osteoporosis

Question 24

(Injuries of Femur)
Fractures at the proximal femur include ____ and _____ fractures as a result of direct trauma from a stumble or stepping down hard.

Answer 24

Transcervical (middle of neck) and intertrochanteric

Question 25

(Injuries of Femur)
\_\_\_\_\_ fractures (within the hip joint capsule) are caused by a degeneration of the femoral head due to vascular trauma.

Answer 25

Intercapsular

Question 26

(Injuries of Femur)
Fractures of the ____ ____ and _____ ____ result from direct trauma (form direct blows from a fall/being hit), whereas a ____ ____ from the shaft may result in shortening of the limb when healed.

Answer 26

Greater trochanter and femoral shaft; spiral fracture

Question 27

(Injuries of Femur)
Fractures of the _______________, resulting in misalignment of the knee joint, which may compromise blood supply to the leg

Answer 27

distal femur may be due to avulsion fractures of the condyles