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OCT 720 > Chapter 4 (Middle Mediastinum) > Flashcards

Chapter 4 (Middle Mediastinum) Flashcards

1
Q

The middle mediastinum contains the:

A
  • Pericardium
  • Heart
  • Roots of the great vessels (ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk, superior vena cava)
  • Phrenic nerves
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2
Q

(Pericardium)

Is a ____ ___ invaginated by the heart and roots of the great vessels.

A

fibro-serous sac

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3
Q

(Pericardium)

Encloses the ____ ___ surrounding the heart.

A

serous cavity

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4
Q

(Pericardium)

Holds the heart …

A

in position in the middle mediastinum and limits expansion (filling of the heart)

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5
Q

(Pericardium)

Contains 2 layers:

A
  • External fibrous layer

- Serous visceral (on the surface of the heart) and parietal (lines the internal surface of the fibrous layer)

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6
Q

(Pericardium)

The ____ ____ is the potential space between the layers of the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium.

A

pericardial cavity

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7
Q

(Pericardium)

Contains a thin film of fluid that enables the heart to …

A

move and beat in a frictionless environment

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8
Q

(Heart)

Functions as a…

A

double, self-adjusting suction and pressure pump.

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9
Q

(Heart)

The components of the heart work in unison to…

A

propel blood to all parts of the body

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10
Q

(Heart)
The ___ side of the heart will receive ____ ___ ___ from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps it through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the lungs for oxygenation.

A

right; poorly oxygenated (venous) blood

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11
Q

(Heart)
The ___ side of the heart receives ____ ____ from the lungs through the pulmonary veins and pumps it into the aorta for distribution to the body.

A

left; well-oxygenated (arterial) blood.

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12
Q

(Heart)

Contains 4 chambers:

A
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle
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13
Q

(Heart)

Right atrium

A

Receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus

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14
Q

(Heart)

Right ventricle

A

Receives blood from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve and pumps blood through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs.

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15
Q

(Heart)

Left atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood through pulmonary veins from the lungs

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16
Q

(Heart)

Left ventricle

A

Receives blood from the left atrium through the mitral (bicuspid) valve and pumps blood through the aorta to supply the tissues of the body

17
Q

(Right Atrium)

Forms the right border of the heart and receives…

A

venous blood from the superior vena cava, and coronary sinus.

18
Q

(Right Atrium)

The interior of the right atrium has the:

A
  • Sinus venarum
  • Pectinate muscles
  • Crista terminalis
  • Opening of the coronary sinus
  • Fossa ovalis
  • Atrioventricular (AV) orifice
19
Q

(Right Ventricle)

Forms the largest part of the ____ ____ of the heart and almost the entire ____ ___ of the heart.

A

anterior surface; inferior border

20
Q

(Right Ventricle)

The interior of the right ventricle has the:

A
  • Trabeculae carneae
  • Tricuspid valve
  • 3 papillary muscles
  • Chordae tendineae
  • Septomarginal trabecula
  • Conus arteriosus
  • Pulmonary valve
21
Q

(Left atrium)

Makes up a majority of the ____ ____ ____ ____.

A

base of the heart.

22
Q

(Left atrium)

The interior of the left atrium has the:

A
  • A larger smooth-walled part and a smaller rough portion containing pectinate muscles
  • Four pulmonary veins (2 superior and 2 inferior) entering its smooth posterior fall
  • Slightly thicker wall than the right atrium
23
Q

(Left Ventricle)

Forms the …

A
  • Apex of the heart
  • Nearly all its left pulmonary surface and border
  • And most of the diaphragmatic surface
24
Q

(Left Ventricle)

The interior of the left atrium has the:

A
  • Much thicker wall than the right ventricle
  • Trabeculae carneae
  • 2 papillary muscles
  • Chordeae tendineae
  • Mitral (bisucpid) valve
  • Aortic vestibule
  • Aortic valve
25
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)

What does the conducting system of heart do?

A

generates and transmits impulses that produce the coordinated contractions of the cardiac cycle.

26
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)
This system consists of ____ ____ that initiates heartbeat and coordinates contractions of the 4 heart chambers and specialized ____ ___ for rapid communication to the different areas of the heart.

A

nodal tissue; conducting fibers

27
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)

The following nodal tissues assist with conduction:

A
  • Sino-atrial (SA) node
  • Atrioventricular (AV) node
  • Atriovenricular (AV) bundle
28
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)

Sino-atrial node:

A

Initiates an impulse that is rapidly conduced to cardiac muscle fibers in the atria, causing contraction

29
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)

Atrioventricular (AV) node:

A

Simulated by the electrical impulse form the SA node

30
Q

(Conducting System of Heart)

Atrioventricular (AV) bundle:

A

Carries the impulses from the atria to the ventricles, dividing within the interventricular septum (IVS) into the right and left bundle branches to the ventricles

OCT 720 (73 decks)

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