Chapter 9 (Viscera of Neck - Pt II)

Question 1

(Trachea)

Fibrocartilaginous tube supported by ____ ____.

Answer 1

tracheal cartilages (rings)

Question 2

(Trachea)

Will terminate inferiorly into the ____ and ____ ____ ___ at the level of the sternal angle.

Answer 2

right and left main bronchi

Question 3

(Trachea)

Functions to…

Answer 3

transport air to and from the lungs

Question 4

(Trachea)

Lateral to trachea are the ____ ____ ___ and ____ ___ ____ ____ ___.

Answer 4

common carotid arteries and lobes of the thyroid gland

Question 5

(Trachea)

____ to the trachea at the neck often may affect the closely adherent _____.

Answer 5

Trauma; esophagus

Question 6

(Pharynx)

Is a common chamber of the _____ and ____ systems.

Answer 6

respiratory and digestive

Question 7

(Pharynx)

Subdivided into 3 parts:

Answer 7

• Nasopharynx
• Oropharynx
• Laryngopharynx

Question 8

(Pharynx)

Nasopharynx

Answer 8

Posterior to the nose and superior to the soft palate

Question 9

(Pharynx)

Oropharynx

Answer 9

Posterior to the mouth

Question 10

(Pharynx)

Laryngopharynx

Answer 10

Posterior to the larynx

Question 11

(Pharynx - Oropharynx)

Extends from the …

Answer 11

soft palate to the upper border of the epiglottis

Question 12

(Pharynx - Oropharynx)

Has features including the:

Answer 12

• Palatine tonsils between the folds

- Lingual tonsil on the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Question 13

(Pharynx - Oropharynx)
During the surgical removal of palatine tonsils (____), heavy bleeding from the ____ ___ or injury to the ____ ____ may occur.

Answer 13

tonsillectomy; tonsillar artery; glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 14

(Pharynx - Laryngopharynx)
Extends from the upper border of the _____ to the lower border of the ____ ____, where it is continuous with the esophagus.

Answer 14

epiglottis; cricoid cartilage

Question 15

(Pharynx - Laryngopharynx)

Has a depression on each side of the laryngeal inlet, the ____ ____.

Answer 15

piriform recess

Question 16

(Esophagus)
The muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach, beginning in the neck where it is continuous with the laryngopharynx at the _____ ____.

Answer 16

pharyngoesophageal junction

Question 17

(Esophagus)
Consists of ____ muscle in the upper 3rd, ____ muscle in its lower 3rd and a mixture of both smooth and striated in between.

Answer 17

striated (voluntary); smooth (involuntary)

Question 18

(Esophagus)

When empty, the esophagus is a _____ ____.

Answer 18

slit-like lumen/channel

Question 19

(Esophagus)
When a food bolus descends in it, the lumen expands, eliciting ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ____ where it will continue off into the remainder of the digestive system.

Answer 19

reflex peristalsis, in the inferior 2/3

Question 20

(Deglutition [Swallowing])

Solid food is _____ and mixed with ____ to form a ____ ___ that is easier to swallow.

Answer 20

masticated (chewed); saliva; soft bolus (mass)

Question 21

(Deglutition [Swallowing])

Swallowing will occur in 3 stages:

Answer 21

• Voluntary
• Involuntary and rapid
• Involuntary

Question 22

(Deglutition [Swallowing])

Voluntary:

Answer 22

Bolus is compressed against the palate and pushed from the mouth into the oropharynx by movements of the muscles of the tongue and soft palate.

Question 23

(Deglutition [Swallowing])

Involuntary and rapid:

Answer 23

Soft palate is elevated. to seal off the nasopharynx from the oropharynx and laryngopharynx. The pharynx will widen and shorten to receive the bolus of food as the suprahyoid muscles and longitudinal pharyngeal muscles contract to elevate the larynx.

Question 24

(Deglutition [Swallowing])

Involuntary:

Answer 24

Sequential contraction of the 3 pharyngeal constrictor muscles create a peristaltic ridge that forces the bolus inferiorly into the esophagus.