Chapter 4 (Muscles & Neurovasculature of Thoracic Wall)

Question 1

True muscles of the thoracic wall include:

Answer 1

• Serratus posterior (superior and inferior)
• Levator costarum
• Intercostal (external, internal, innermost)
• Subcostal
• Transversus thoracis

Question 2

(Veins of Thoracic Wall)

What are the 12 veins?

Answer 2

11 posterior intercostal veins and 1 subcostal vein on each side

Question 3

(Veins of Thoracic Wall)

Posterior intercostal veins anastomose with the …

Answer 3

anterior intercostal veins (tributaries of the internal thoracic veins)

Question 4

(Veins of Thoracic Wall)

Posterior intercostal veins 2 and 3 will drain into the ____ ____ ____; 4-11 will drain into the…

Answer 4

superior intercostal vein; azygos and hemi-azygos venous system

Question 5

(Veins of Thoracic Wall)

The left ____ _____ ____ will drain into the left ____ ____.

Answer 5

superior intercostal vein; brachiocephalic vein

Question 6

(Arterial Supply of Thoracic Wall)

Derive from the…

Answer 6

thoracic aorta, subclavian artery, and axillary artery

Question 7

(Arterial Supply of Thoracic Wall)

Posterior intercostals

Answer 7

1st and 2nd branches derive from the supreme intercostal artery, 3rd to 11th arise from thoracic aorta

Question 8

(Arterial Supply of Thoracic Wall)

Anterior intercostals

Answer 8

Derive from internal thoracic (1-6) and musculophrenic arteries (7-9)

Question 9

(Arterial Supply of Thoracic Wall)

Internal thoracic

Answer 9

Derive from subclavian artery

Question 10

(Arterial Supply of Thoracic Wall)

Subcostal

Answer 10

Derive from thoracic aorta

Question 11

(Nerves of Thoracic Wall)

What supplies the thoracic wall?

Answer 11

The 12 pairs of thoracic spinal nerves supply the thoracic wall.

Question 12

(Nerves of Thoracic Wall)

The anterior rami of nerves _____ form the ____ ___ that run along the intercostal spaces.

Answer 12

T1-T11; intercostal nerves

Question 13

(Nerves of Thoracic Wall)

The anterior rami of _____ is the ____ ____ to supply the muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall.

Answer 13

T12; subcostal nerve

Question 14

(Nerves of Thoracic Wall)

The posterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves will supply the…

Answer 14

joints, deep back muscles, and skin of the back in the thoracic region

Question 15

(Nerves of Thoracic Wall)
Lateral cutaneous branches will supply the skin of the ____ ____ and ____ ____ while the anterior cutaneous branches will supply the skin on the …

Answer 15

lateral thoracic and abdominal walls; anterior aspect of the thorax and abdomen

Question 16

(Dyspnea: Difficulty Breathing)
When people with respiratory challenges (such as asthma) or with heart failure have difficulty breathing (dyspnea), they use their _____ ____ ____ to assist the expansion of their thoracic cavity.

Answer 16

accessory respiratory muscles

Question 17

(Dyspnea: Difficulty Breathing)

Recruitment of _____ ____ is visible and striking.

Answer 17

neck muscles (sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and scalene muscles)

Question 18

(Dyspnea: Difficulty Breathing)
Individuals may be seen leaning on their knees or on the arms of the chair to fix their pectoral girdle so the neck of their muscles may…

Answer 18

act on their rib attachments and expand the thorax