(2) Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

from superficial to deep what are the muscles of the lateral abdomen region

Answer 1

• external oblique
• internal oblique
• transversalis abdominas

Question 2

what is the name of the midline seperating the rectus abdominus muscles

Answer 2

linea alba

Question 3

what way do the external oblique fibers run compared to the internal oblique ?

Answer 3

ext - from superiolaterally to inferomedially

int. - run perpendicular/90 to the external oblique

Question 4

the fibers of the transversalis abdominus muscle runs in the same direction as what other abdomen muscle

Answer 4

internal oblique m

Question 5

what is the arcuate line ?

Answer 5

midway line b/w the umbilicus and pubic symphysis

Question 6

the rectus sheath envelopes what mm ?

Answer 6

rectus abdominus and pyramidalis mm

Question 7

superior to the arcuate line what muscle aponeurosis splits the rectus abdominus muscles ?

Answer 7

internal oblique mm.

Question 8

inferior to the arcuate line what muscle aponeurosis go anterior to the rectus abdominus muscles ?

Answer 8

ALL

-external oblique, internal oblique, and transversalis abdominus

Question 9

what makes up the anterior and posterior layers of the rectus sheath superior to the arcuate line ?

Answer 9

Ant. - EO and 1/2 IO

Posterior wall - 1/2 IO and TA and transversalis fascia

Question 10

what makes up the anterior and posterior walls inferior to the arcuate line

Answer 10

Anterior wall - EO, IO, and TA

Posterior wall - transversalis fascia

Question 11

what are the 3 infraumbilical peritoneal folds ?

Answer 11

• median umbilical fold (midline)
• medial umbilical fold (on each side)
• laterla umbilical fold (each side)

Question 12

what are the superficial vessels of the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 12

• circumflex iliac a and v.

- epigastric a. and v.

Question 13

all nerves in the anterior abdominal wall run b/w what 2 layers ?

Answer 13

-internal oblique and transversalis abdominus mm

Question 14

the femoral a is renamed and continuous with what as you move cranially

Answer 14

external iliac a.

Question 15

what do the circumflex iliac vessels supply/drain

Answer 15

region of inguinal ligament

Question 16

what does the epigastric vessels supply/drain

Answer 16

region of abdomen inferior to umbilicus

Question 17

what does the deep circumflex iliac vessels supply

Answer 17

lateral abdominal mm

Question 18

what does the inferior epigastric vessels supply ? and what does it anastomize with ?

Answer 18

• supplies lower rectus abdominus mm

- anastomizes with superior epigastric

Question 19

what vessel supplies the upper rectus abdominus mm

Answer 19

superior epigastric a

Question 20

what does the musculophrenic vessels supply

Answer 20

upper abdominal mm and diaphragm

Question 21

what nerves are involved in the anterior abdominal cavity and what is there organization

Answer 21

ventral rami of T7-L1

• Above umbilicus region is T7, T8, T9
• umbilicus region is T10
• -Below umbilicus region is T11, T12, L1

Question 22

the inguinal ligament extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubericle and is a continued infolding of what muscle ?

Answer 22

EO aponeurosis

Question 23

what is the inguinal canal and where is it in reference to the inguinal ligament ?

Answer 23

3-5 cm tunnel across the ant. abdominal wall

-parralel and superior to inguinal lig.

Question 24

what does the make inguinal canal contain

Answer 24

• spermatic cord

- ilioinguinal n. (L1)

Question 25

what does the female inguinal canal contain

Answer 25

- round lig. of the uterus | - ilioinguinal n. (L1)

Question 26

the end points of the inguinal canal can be found by what structures

Answer 26

- superficial ring | - deep ring

Question 27

where do the superficial and deep rings open into ?

Answer 27

Superficial ring opens into EO apoeurosis | deep ring opens into transversalis fascia

Question 28

the conjoint tendon contributes to what wall of the inguinal canal ?

Answer 28

posterior wall w/transversalis fascia

Question 29

an abdominal hernia is caused by an outpouching of what ?

Answer 29

abdominal viscera

Question 30

what is the most common type of hernia where it extends through the entire enguinal canal

Answer 30

indirect inguinal hernia

Question 31

where would an indirect inguinal hernia commonly enter ?

Answer 31

males - scrotum | females - labia majora

Question 32

a direct inguinal hernia has an outpouching that proceeds through ?

Answer 32

inguinal triangle | -associated w/ a weakened abdominal wall

Question 33

what is the most common type of hernia in females

Answer 33

indirect inguinal

Question 34

what is the most common type of hernias in newborns

Answer 34

umbilical hernia

Question 35

what is the most common type of hernia in people over 40 associated with obesisty

Answer 35

epigastric hernia