Pelvic Neurovasculature

Question 1

at what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate

Answer 1

L4 into the Right and Left Common iliac arteries

Question 2

what branches come off of the femoral artery

Answer 2

superficial circumflex iliac and superficial epigastric

Question 3

where does the external iliac change names to become the femoral a/

Answer 3

once it crosses under the ingiunal ligament

Question 4

what are the posterior branches of the internal iliac a.

Answer 4

• iliolumbar
• lateral sacral
• superior gluteal (largest)

Question 5

the superior and inferior gluteal a. are named in reference to what muscle

Answer 5

piriformis m.

Question 6

what artery branches of the internal iliac exit the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen

Answer 6

• superior gluteal a.
• inferior gluteal a.
• internal pudenal a.

Question 7

the iliolumbar a. supplies what region ?

Answer 7

medial ileum and L5

Question 8

the lateral sacral a. supplies what region

Answer 8

sacrum

Question 9

b/w what nerve roots would you find the superior gluteal a. ? inferior gluteal a.

Answer 9

• superior gluteal a. b/w L5 - S1

- inferior gluteal a. b/w S2-S3

Question 10

what are the artery branches off the anterior root of the internal iliac in females ?

Answer 10

• umbilical a. which branches off mult. superior vesicle a.
• obturator a.
• inferior gluteal a.
• uterine a.
• internal pudenal a. which branches into middle rectal a. and vaginal a.

Question 11

what are the artery branches of the anterior root of the internal ilac a. in males ?

Answer 11

• umbilical a. which branches off mult. superior vesicle a.
• obturator a.
• inferior gluteal a.
• internal pudenal a. which branches middle rectal a. and inferior vesicle a.

Question 12

what does the uterine a. anastomose with in females

Answer 12

ovarian a. from the dorsal aorta

Question 13

in females the ureter runs b/w what 2 arteries

Answer 13

runs below the uterine a. and on top of the vaginal a.

Question 14

what does the internal pudenal a. supply

Answer 14

perineum, specifically the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle

Question 15

what is the pudenal canal formed by

Answer 15

fascia of the obturator internus m.

Question 16

the umbilical artery terminates as the ___ ?

Answer 16

medial umbilical ligament

Question 17

what does the obturator a. supply

Answer 17

medial thigh

Question 18

explain the Corona Mortis “crown of death”

Answer 18

b/w the anastomoses of obturator a. and inferior epigastric a.

• if this anastomoses is damaged both the external and internal iliac aa. are open = loss of aortic blood supply
• results in death in a few minutes

Question 19

what are the 3 main venous drainage routes of the pelvis and perineum

Answer 19

• internal iliac vv.
• portal venous system
• pelvic venous plexus

Question 20

T/F all venous plexus in the pelvic region have valves

Answer 20

F - all are valveless

Question 21

what nerves aid in somatic innervation of the pelvis and perineum

Answer 21

• sciatic n.
• gluteal n.
• pudenal n.

Question 22

what nerve roots contribute to making the pudenal n. for somatic innervation of the pelvis and perineum

Answer 22

S2-S4

Question 23

what nerve roots contribute to form the sciatic and gluteal nn. for somatic innervation of the pelvis and perineum

Answer 23

L4-S3

Question 24

where do the cell bodies originate for the sympathetic fibers that innervate the pelvis and perineum in the autonomic nervous system ?

Answer 24

T10-L2

Question 25

where do the sympathetic fibers exit the pelvis in the autonomic nervous system ?

Answer 25

S2-S4

Question 26

what is the name given to the sympathetic nerves of the autonomic plexus of the pelvis

Answer 26

sacral splanchnic nn.

Question 27

what is the name given to the parasympathetic nerves of the autonomic plexus of the pelvis

Answer 27

pelvic splanchnic nn.

Question 28

where do the cell bodies originate for the parasympathetic fibers that innervate the pelvis and perineum of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 28

S2-S4

Question 29

the superior hypogastric plexus is where in reference to the aorta

Answer 29

anterior / covers it

Question 30

what does the superior hypogastric plexus condense and bifurcate into

Answer 30

2 seperate hypogsatric nn.

Question 31

what is the superior hyposgastric plexus made up of ?

Answer 31

- mostly sympathetic | - little parasympathetic (ascending pelvic splanchnic going to the hindgut)

Question 32

what is the inferior hypogastric plexus made up of ?

Answer 32

sympathetic (sacral splanchnic) and parasympathetic (pelvic splanchnic) which join the hypogastric n.

Question 33

what is the ganglion impar ?

Answer 33

termination of the pelvic sympathetic trunk plexus

Question 34

what nerve can easily be damaged during rectal surgery of hysterectomy

Answer 34

``` sacral splanchnic (sympathetic) pelvic splanchnic (parasympathetic) ```

Question 35

T/F Each organ of the abdominopelvic region shares lymphatic drainage pathways

Answer 35

F - each organ has its own lymph drainage pathway

Question 36

how does lymphatics normally move in the abdominopelvic region

Answer 36

superficial to deep and superiorly

Question 37

what is the exception to the normal flow of lymph in the abdominopelvic region

Answer 37

if it is below umbilicus, lymph moves | -inferiorly to inguinal, then deep to superiorly

Question 38

what does the Right lymphatic duct drain

Answer 38

Right head, neck, upper limb and thorax

Question 39

what does the thoracic duct drain

Answer 39

Left head, neck, upper b and thorax | -abdomen, pelvis, and lower limb